Open Access
Subscription Access
Multi-Sensor Data Fusion for Precise Measurement of a Tractor Implement Performance in the Field
A multi-sensor-based instrumentation system was assessed under static and dynamic conditions to precisely measure a tractor-implement performance in the field. The system was evaluated using a tractor and three different implements, viz. 11-tyne cultivator, three-bottom ridger and nine-row spatially modified no-till drill. The final results were compared with conventional measurement techniques. The range of disparity for wheel slip, draft, inclination angle, fuel consumption, radiator fan speed and forward speed was 4.24–5.99%, 2.63–4.95%, 2.68–7.20%, 3.78–5.64%, 3.37–4.81% and 3.04–4.97% respectively. The system could measure real-time variations in the field and proved to be an energy- and time-saving device.
Keywords
Data Logger, Instrumentation System, Perfor-Mance Assessment, Sensors, Tractor Implements.
User
Font Size
Information
- Shagun, Agri share in GDP hit 20% after 17 years: Economic Sur-vey. Down to Earth (Agriculture), 29 January 2021.
- Arjun, K. M., Indian agriculture – status, importance and role in Indian economy. Int. J. Agric. Food Sci. Technol., 2013, 4(4), 343–346.
- Mondal, P., Basu, M. and Bhadoria, P. B. S., Critical review of pre-cision agriculture technologies and its scope of adoption in India. Am. J. Exp. Agric., 2013, 1(3), 49–68.
- Singh, C. D. and Singh, R. C., Computerized instrumentation system for monitoring the tractor performance in the field. J. Terramech., 2011, 48(5), 333–338.
- Serrano, J. M., Peça, J. O., Shaidian, S., Nunes, M. C., Ribeiro, L. and Santos, F., Development of a data acquisition system to opti-mizing the agricultural tractor performance. J. Agric. Sci. Technol. B, 2011, 1(5), 756–766.
- Younis, D. M., Measurement of tractor performance. AMA-AGR MECH ASIA AF, 2013, 44(1), 12–18.
- Rangbarian, S., Askari, M. and Jannatkhah, J., Performance of tractor and tillage implements in clay soil. J. Saudi Soc. Agric. Sci., 2017, 16(2), 154–162.
- Shafaei, S. M., Loghavi, M. and Kamgar, S., Development and imple-mentation of a human–machine interface assisted digital instrumen-tation system for high precision measurement of tractor performance parameters. Eng. Agric. Environ. Food, 2019, 12, 11–23.
- Singh, T., Verma, A. and Singh, M., Development and implementation of an IOT based instrumentation system for computing performance of a tractor-implement system. J. Terramech., 2021, 97(1), 105–118.
- Mehta, M. L., Verma, S. R., Misra, S. K. and Sharma, V. K., Testing and Evaluation of Agricultural Machinery, Daya Publishing House, Delhi, 2005.
- Fathollahzadeh, H., Mobli, H., Jafari, A., Mahdavinejad, D. and Tabatabaie, S. M. H., Design and calibration of a fuel consumption measurement system for a diesel tractor. Agric. Eng. Int. CIGR J., 2011, 13(2), 1–10.
- Lee, J., Yamazaki, M., Oida, A., Nakashima, H. and Shimizu, H., Non-contact sensors for distance measurement from ground surface. J. Terramech., 1996, 33(3), 155–165.
- Al-Jalil, H. F., Khdair, A. and Mukahal, W., Design and performance of an adjustable three-point hitch dynamometer. Soil Till. Res., 2001, 62(3–4), 153–156.
- Kheiralla, A. F. and Yahya, A., Design, development and calibration of a drawbar pull transducer for agricultural tractor. Pertanika J. Sci. Technol., 2001, 9(1), 83–98.
- Onwualu, A. P., An extended octagonal ring dynamometer for measurement of forces on a simple tillage tool. Niger. J. Technol., 2002, 21(1), 46–59.
- Kheiralla, A. F., Yahya, A., Zohadie, M. and Ishak, W., Design and development of a three-point auto hitch dynamometer for an agri-cultural tractor. AJSTD, 2003, 20(3–4), 271–288.
- Khan, J., Godwin, R. J., Kilgour, J. and Blackmore, B. S., Design and calibration of a direct mounted strain gauged lower links system for measurement of tractor-implement forces. ARPN J. Eng. Appl. Sci., 2006, 1(1), 22–25.
- Khan, J., Godwin, R. J., Kilgour, J. and Blackmore, B. S., Design and calibration of a biaxial extended octagonal ring transducer system for the measurement of tractor-implement forces. ARPN J. Eng. Appl. Sci., 2007, 2(1), 16–20.
- Nalavade, P. P., Salokhe, V. M. and Niyamapa, T., Strain node identification by FEM and measurement of disc forces by double extended octagonal ring transducer. J. Food Agric. Environ., 2010, 8(2), 730–735.
- Ghazavi, M. A., Beigi, M. and Hosseinzadeh, B., Design of an advan-ced three-point hitch dynamometer. J. Am. Sci., 2010, 6(9), 303–311.
- Abbaspour, G. Y. and Haghighat, S. S., Extended octagonal ring transducers for measurement of tractor-implement forces. Instrum. Exp. Tech., 2011, 54(1), 136–140.
- Askari, M., Komarizade, M. H., Nikbakht, A. M., Nobakht, N. and Teimourlou, R. F., A novel three-point hitch dynamometer to measure the draft requirement of mounted implements. Res. Agric. Eng., 2011, 57(4), 128–136.
- Havasi, M. R., Shiekhdavoodi, M. J., Shini, N. A. and Sami, M., Design, development and evaluation of a digital tractor dynamometer. Asian J. Agric. Sci., 2012, 4(2), 145–148.
- Abbaspour, G. Y. and Khanramaki, M., Design, construction and calibration of a triaxial dynamometer for measuring forces and moments applied on tillage implements in field conditions. MAPAN–J. Metrol. Soc. India, 2013, 28(2), 119–127.
- Kumar, R. and Raheman, H., Design and development of a variable hitching system for improving stability of tractor trailer combina-tion. Eng. Agric. Environ. Food, 2015, 8(3), 187–194.
- Nobakht, N., Askari, M., Nikbakht, A. M. and Ghorbani, Z., Deve-lopment of a dynamometer to measure all forces and moments applied on tillage tools. MAPAN–J. Metrol. Soc. India, 2017, 32(4), 311–319.
- Imou, K., Ishida, M., Okamoto, T., Kaizu, Y., Sawamura, A. and Sumida, N., Ultrasonic Doppler sensor for measuring vehicle speed in forward and reverse motions including low speed motions. Agric. Eng. Int.: CIGR J., 2001, PM 01 007, vol. III.
- Imou, K., Kaizu, Y., Yokoyama, S. and Nakamura, T., Ultrasonic Doppler speed sensor for agricultural vehicles: effects of pitch angle and measurements of velocity vector components. Agric. Eng. Int. CIGR J., 2008, PM 07 033.
- Vishwanathan, R., Weckler, P. R., Solie, J. B. and Stone, M. L., Evaluation of ground speed sensing devices under varying ground surface conditions. In Proceedings of ASAE Annual International Meeting, Tampa, Florida, Paper number 051087, 2005.
- Keskin, M. and Say, S. M., Feasibility of low-cost GPS receivers for ground speed measurement. Comput. Electron. Agric., 2006, 54(1), 36–43.
- Pranav, P. K., Pandey, K. P. and Tewari, V. K., Development of electronic ground speed sensor for tractors. J. Agric. Eng., 2015, 52(3), 46–50.
- Reed, J. and Turner, P. E., Slip measurement using dual radar guns. In Proceedings of ASAE/CSAE Meeting, Spokane, Washington, Paper number: 93-1031, 1993.
- Raheman, H. and Jha, S. K., Wheels slip measurement in 2WD tractor. J. Terramech., 2007, 44(1), 89–94.
- Pranav, P. K., Pandey, K. P. and Tewari, V. K., Digital wheel slip-meter for agricultural 2WD tractors. Comput. Electron. Agric., 2010, 73(2), 188–193.
- Zhixiong, L., Xuefeng, B., Yiguan, L., Jiangxue, C. and Yang, L., Wheel slip measurement in 4WD tractor based on LABVIEW. Int. J. Auto. Control Eng., 2013, 2(3), 113–119.
- Kumar, A. A., Tewari, V. K., Gupta, C. and Pareek, C. M., A device to measure wheel slip to improve the fuel efficiency of off-road vehi-cles. J. Terramech., 2017, 70(1), 1–11.
- Yasin, M., Grisso, R. D. and Lackas, G. M., Non-contact system for measuring tillage depth. Comput. Electron. Agric., 1992, 7(2), 133–147.
- Thomson, N. P. and Shinners, K. J., A portable instrumentation system for measuring draft and speed. Appl. Eng. Agric., 1989, 5, 133–137.
- Moitzi, G., Wagentristl, H., Refenner, K., Weingartmann, H., Piringer, G., Boxberger, J. and Gronauer, A., Effects of working depth and wheel slip on fuel consumption of selected tillage im-plements. Agric. Eng. Int. CIGR J., 2014, 16(1), 182–190.
- Kumar, A. A., Tewari, V. K. and Nare, B., Embedded digital draft force and wheel slip indicator for tillage research. Comput. Elec-tron. Agric., 2016, 127(1), 38–49.
Abstract Views: 220
PDF Views: 104