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Extreme Temperature and Rainfall Event Trends in the Middle Gangetic Plains From 1980 to 2018


Affiliations
1 ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad 500 030, India; ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack 753 006, India., India
2 Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, India., India
3 ICAR-Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad 500 059, India., India
4 ICAR-Central Island Agricultural Research Institute, Port Blair, Andaman & Nicobar Islands 744 101, India., India
5 ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack 753 006, India., India
6 University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA., United States
7 ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad 500 030, India., India
8 ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla 171 001, India; ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India., India
9 ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Mau Nath Bhanjan 275 103, India., India
 

Regional-level studies aimed at identifying and assessing various types of extreme weather events and comprehending their effects on various sectors are crucial. In the present study, we have utilized the RClimDex software to compute the trend in temperature and precipitation extreme events in the Varanasi district of Uttar Pradesh, India, from 1980 to 2018. We employed both Mann–Kendall test and linear regression to test the statistical significance of the computed trend. Out of 13 temperature indices, 8 showed a significant trend while the remaining showed a non-significant trend. The annual mean maximum temperature, warm days, diurnal temperature range and a monthly minimum of maximum temperature had decreased significantly by 0.029ºC, 0.159 days, 0.032ºC and 0.122ºC/yr respectively, whereas cool days and cold spell duration had increased significantly by 0.264ºC and 0.372 days/yr respectively, indicating an increased cooling effect over the study area. Similarly, out of the 11 rainfall indices, only two showed a significant trend, while the remaining showed a non-significant trend. The increasing drought over the study area is evident as the number of rainy days and consecutive wet days have decreased significantly by 0.262 days and 0.058 days/yr respectively, with a non-significant increase in consecutive dry days during the same period. The weak negative non-significant trend of a maximum of five consecutive days of rainfall, very heavy rainfall days and total annual precipitation indicate the decreasing trend of floods. This study stresses the development of adaptation plans to overcome the adverse consequences of extreme weather events in Varanasi district.

Keywords

Adaptation Plans, Climate Change, Extreme Weather Events, Temperature and Rainfall, Statistical Significance, Trends.
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  • Extreme Temperature and Rainfall Event Trends in the Middle Gangetic Plains From 1980 to 2018

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Authors

S. Vijayakumar
ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad 500 030, India; ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack 753 006, India., India
Sudhir Kumar Rajpoot
Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, India., India
N. Manikandan
ICAR-Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad 500 059, India., India
R. Jayakumara Varadan
ICAR-Central Island Agricultural Research Institute, Port Blair, Andaman & Nicobar Islands 744 101, India., India
J. P. Singh
Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, India., India
Dibyendu Chatterjee
ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack 753 006, India., India
‪Sumanta Chatterjee
University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA., United States
Santosha Rathod
ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad 500 030, India., India
Anil Kumar Choudhary
ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla 171 001, India; ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India., India
Adarsh Kumar
ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Mau Nath Bhanjan 275 103, India., India

Abstract


Regional-level studies aimed at identifying and assessing various types of extreme weather events and comprehending their effects on various sectors are crucial. In the present study, we have utilized the RClimDex software to compute the trend in temperature and precipitation extreme events in the Varanasi district of Uttar Pradesh, India, from 1980 to 2018. We employed both Mann–Kendall test and linear regression to test the statistical significance of the computed trend. Out of 13 temperature indices, 8 showed a significant trend while the remaining showed a non-significant trend. The annual mean maximum temperature, warm days, diurnal temperature range and a monthly minimum of maximum temperature had decreased significantly by 0.029ºC, 0.159 days, 0.032ºC and 0.122ºC/yr respectively, whereas cool days and cold spell duration had increased significantly by 0.264ºC and 0.372 days/yr respectively, indicating an increased cooling effect over the study area. Similarly, out of the 11 rainfall indices, only two showed a significant trend, while the remaining showed a non-significant trend. The increasing drought over the study area is evident as the number of rainy days and consecutive wet days have decreased significantly by 0.262 days and 0.058 days/yr respectively, with a non-significant increase in consecutive dry days during the same period. The weak negative non-significant trend of a maximum of five consecutive days of rainfall, very heavy rainfall days and total annual precipitation indicate the decreasing trend of floods. This study stresses the development of adaptation plans to overcome the adverse consequences of extreme weather events in Varanasi district.

Keywords


Adaptation Plans, Climate Change, Extreme Weather Events, Temperature and Rainfall, Statistical Significance, Trends.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.18520/cs%2Fv124%2Fi11%2F1300-1307