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Genome Organization and Comparative Evolutionary Mitochondriomics of Rice Earhead Bug Leptocorisa oratoria (Fabricius)


Affiliations
1 ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack 753 006, India
2 ICAR-Research Complex for the Eastern Region, Farming System Research Centre for Hill and Plateau Region, Ranchi 834 010, India
3 World Biodiversity Association Onlus, C/o Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Lungadige Porta Vittoria 9, 37129 Verona, Italy
 

The rice earhead bug, Leptocorisa oratoria (Fabricius, 1794) is a critical rice pest in India. No mitochondrial genome of L. oratoria has been sequenced earlier, and the mitochondrial data are crucial for phylogenetic and population genetic studies of this significant rice pest. In the present study, the genome of L. oratoria is 17,584 bp long with 73.57% AT content. We observed tandem repeat in the control region. Analyses from genetic distance, sliding window and Ka/Ks ratio revealed a purifying selection of 13 protein-coding genes, with cox1 and nad2 reporting the lowest and highest rate of evolution respectively. Phylogenetic analysis was reconstructed using 65 pentatomid mitogenomes with Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood methods. The results help differentiate the Coreoidea superfamily from Lygaeoidea, Aradoidea and Pentatomoidea. There were two topologies at the family level, i.e. one clade formed with Coreidae + Rhopalidae + Alydidae, and the rest of the families of Pentatomomorpha for­med in separate clades. Further, L. oratoria produced an independent subclade from the earlier reported Leptocorisa sp. genome. This study provides a source mitogenome for L. oratoria species to study population demography, individual differences and phylogeography of hemipterans.

Keywords

Mitogenome, Next Generation Sequencing, Population Genetics, Phylogeny, Rice Earhead Bug.
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  • Genome Organization and Comparative Evolutionary Mitochondriomics of Rice Earhead Bug Leptocorisa oratoria (Fabricius)

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Authors

Guru-Pirasanna-Pandi Govindharaj
ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack 753 006, India
M. Annamalai
ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack 753 006, India
Jaipal Singh Choudhary
ICAR-Research Complex for the Eastern Region, Farming System Research Centre for Hill and Plateau Region, Ranchi 834 010, India
G. Basana-Gowda
ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack 753 006, India
Totan Adak
ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack 753 006, India
Naiyar Naaz
ICAR-Research Complex for the Eastern Region, Farming System Research Centre for Hill and Plateau Region, Ranchi 834 010, India
Naveenkumar Patil
ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack 753 006, India
Enrico Ruzzier
World Biodiversity Association Onlus, C/o Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Lungadige Porta Vittoria 9, 37129 Verona, Italy
Prakash Chandra Rath
ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack 753 006, India

Abstract


The rice earhead bug, Leptocorisa oratoria (Fabricius, 1794) is a critical rice pest in India. No mitochondrial genome of L. oratoria has been sequenced earlier, and the mitochondrial data are crucial for phylogenetic and population genetic studies of this significant rice pest. In the present study, the genome of L. oratoria is 17,584 bp long with 73.57% AT content. We observed tandem repeat in the control region. Analyses from genetic distance, sliding window and Ka/Ks ratio revealed a purifying selection of 13 protein-coding genes, with cox1 and nad2 reporting the lowest and highest rate of evolution respectively. Phylogenetic analysis was reconstructed using 65 pentatomid mitogenomes with Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood methods. The results help differentiate the Coreoidea superfamily from Lygaeoidea, Aradoidea and Pentatomoidea. There were two topologies at the family level, i.e. one clade formed with Coreidae + Rhopalidae + Alydidae, and the rest of the families of Pentatomomorpha for­med in separate clades. Further, L. oratoria produced an independent subclade from the earlier reported Leptocorisa sp. genome. This study provides a source mitogenome for L. oratoria species to study population demography, individual differences and phylogeography of hemipterans.

Keywords


Mitogenome, Next Generation Sequencing, Population Genetics, Phylogeny, Rice Earhead Bug.

References





DOI: https://doi.org/10.18520/cs%2Fv125%2Fi4%2F407-415