Current Science

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access

The Big Questions in Small Systems


Affiliations
1 Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF, Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700 064, India
 

The early universe, very briefly after the Big Bang, was in a state of high temperature and high density. In order to recreate such a state of matter like the strongly coupled Quark–Gluon Plasma (sQGP) in the laboratory, mini bangs are produced by colliding heavy ions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at the Brookhaven National Laboratory and subsequently at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. When the interesting results started pouring in from the LHC in high-energy p + p and p + A (small systems), the efforts to characterize the transition from these small systems to heavy ions (A + A) faced big questions, since the small system results have striking similarities to heavy ions in the higher multiplicity domains. The sQGP is a very good liquid with astonishingly low viscosity, and the recent observations of QGP-like phenomena in small collision systems have led to new implications. We briefly discuss these exciting new observations and their implications, including the questions that have emerged during such studies using heavy quarks.

Keywords

No Keywords.
User
Notifications
Font Size

  • Riordan, E. M., Science, 1992, 256, 1287–1293.

  • Ellis, J., Int. J. Mod. Phys. A, 2014, 29(31), 1430072.

  • Marciano, W. J. and Pagels, H., Phys. Rep., 1978, 36, 137.

  • Shuryak, E. V., Phys. Rep., 1980, 61, 71.

  • Shuryak, E. V., Rev. Mod. Phys., 2017, 89, 035001.

  • Kisslinger, L. S. and Das, D., Int. J. Mod. Phys. A, 2016, 31(7), 1630010.

  • Das, D., Int. J. Mod. Phys. A, 2022, 37(23), 2230012.

  • Das, D., Int. J. Mod. Phys. A, 2021, 36(24), 2130014.

  • Shuryak, E. V., Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys., 2009, 62, 48.

  • Das, D., Nucl. Phys. A, 2021, 1007, 122132.

  • Das, D. (ALICE collaboration), Nucl. Phys. A, 2011, 862–863, 223.

  • Kisslinger, L. S. and Das, D., JHEP, 2017, 1709, 105.

  • Das, D., Adv. High Energy Phys., 2018, 2018, 3794242.

  • Abdul Khalek, R. et al., Nucl. Phys. A, 2022, 1026, 122447.

  • Das, D. and Dutta, N., Int. J. Mod. Phys. A, 2018, 33(16), 1850092.

  • Acharya, S. et al. (ALICE collaboration), Phys. Lett. B, 2020, 810, 135758.

  • Adamová, D. et al. (ALICE collaboration), Phys. Lett. B, 2018, 776, 91–104.

  • Chatrchyan, S. et al. (CMS collaboration), JHEP, 2014, 4, 103.

  • Aaboud, M. et al. (ATLAS collaboration), Eur. Phys. J. C, 2018, 78(3), 171.

  • Acharya, S. et al. (ALICE collaboration), JHEP, 2020, 9, 162.

  • Abelev, B. et al. (ALICE collaboration), Phys. Lett. B, 2012, 712, 165–175.

  • Adam, J. et al. (ALICE collaboration), JHEP, 2015, 9, 148.

  • Adam, J. et al. (ALICE collaboration), JHEP, 2016, 8, 078.

  • Khachatryan, V. et al. (CMS collaboration), Phys. Lett. B, 2017, 765, 193.

  • Khachatryan, V. et al. (CMS collaboration), Phys. Rev. Lett., 2015, 115(1), 012301.

  • Aad, G. et al. (ATLAS collaboration), Phys. Rev. Lett., 2020, 124(8), 082301.

  • Acharya, S. et al. (ALICE collaboration), Phys. Rev. Lett., 2019, 123(19), 192301.

  • Sirunyan, A. M. et al. (CMS collaboration), Phys. Lett. B, 2021, 819, 136385.

  • Citron, Z. et al., CERN Yellow Rep. Monogr., 2019, 1159–1410.


Abstract Views: 265

PDF Views: 91




  • The Big Questions in Small Systems

Abstract Views: 265  |  PDF Views: 91

Authors

Debasish Das
Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF, Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700 064, India

Abstract


The early universe, very briefly after the Big Bang, was in a state of high temperature and high density. In order to recreate such a state of matter like the strongly coupled Quark–Gluon Plasma (sQGP) in the laboratory, mini bangs are produced by colliding heavy ions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at the Brookhaven National Laboratory and subsequently at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. When the interesting results started pouring in from the LHC in high-energy p + p and p + A (small systems), the efforts to characterize the transition from these small systems to heavy ions (A + A) faced big questions, since the small system results have striking similarities to heavy ions in the higher multiplicity domains. The sQGP is a very good liquid with astonishingly low viscosity, and the recent observations of QGP-like phenomena in small collision systems have led to new implications. We briefly discuss these exciting new observations and their implications, including the questions that have emerged during such studies using heavy quarks.

Keywords


No Keywords.

References





DOI: https://doi.org/10.18520/cs%2Fv125%2Fi8%2F820-821