Frugal and Reverse Innovations-Quo Vadis?

The concepts of frugal and reverse innovations are recent entrants to the innovation literature. Frugal innovation conveys the important idea of innovating under circumstances of resource scarcity. Reverse innovation refers to another significant turn in thinking and practice-innovations from low-income contexts can enter wealthier markets, a major shift from the previous innovation paradigm. There are some hallmark examples of these types of innovations but the current academic literature is still limited. The purpose of this article is to study these concepts and present a conceptual framework that combines underlying drivers. We also present ideas for future research avenues.