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Bhardwaj, Anil

MENCA experiment aboard India’s Mars Orbiter Mission

Abstract Views :217 | PDF Views:86

Authors

Anil Bhardwaj ¹, S. V. Mohankumar ¹, Tirtha Pratim Das ¹, P. Pradeepkumar ¹, P. Sreelatha ¹, B. Sundar ¹, Amarnath Nandi ¹, Dinakar Prasad Vajja ¹, M. B. Dhanya ¹, Neha Naik ¹, G. Supriya ¹, R. Satheesh Thampi ¹, G. Padma Padmanabhan ¹, Vipin K. Yadav ¹, A. V. Aliyas ¹

Affiliations
1 Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre, Indian Space Research Organisation, Thiruvananthapuram 695 022, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 109, No 6 (2015), Pagination: 1106-1113

Abstract

The Mars Exospheric Neutral Composition Analyser (MENCA) aboard the Indian Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM) is a quadrupole mass spectrometer-based experiment. Making use of the highly elliptical and low inclination (~150°) orbit of MOM, MENCA will conduct in situ measurements of the composition and radial distribution of the Martian neutral exosphere in the 1–300 amu mass range in the equatorial and low latitudes of Mars. The functionality of MENCA has been tested during the Earth-bound and heliocentric phases of MOM before its operation in the Martian orbit. This article describes the scientific objectives, instrument details, design and development, test and evaluation, and calibration of the MENCA instrument.

Keywords

Exosphere, Mars Orbiter, mass spectrometer, thermal escape.

Full Text

References

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Sridharan, R., Ahmed, S. M., Das, T. P., Sreelatha, P., Pradeepkumar, P., Naik, N. and Supriya, G., Direct evidence of water (H2O) in the sunlit lunar ambience from CHACE on MIP of Chandrayaan-1. Planet. Space Sci., 2010, 58, 947–950.

Sridharan, R., Das, T. P., Ahmed, S. M. and Bhardwaj, Anil, Indicators forlocalized regions of heavier species in the lunar surface fromCHACE on Chandrayaan-1. Curr. Sci., 2013, 105(11), 1470–1472.

Sridharan, R., Das, T. P., Ahmed, S. M., Supriya, Gogulapati, Bhardwaj, Anil and Kamalakar, J. A., Spatial heterogeneity in the radiogenicactivity of the lunar interior: inferences from CHACE andLLRI on Chandrayaan-1. Adv. Space Res., 2013, 51, 168–178.

Thampi, S. V., Sridharan, R., Das, T. P., Ahmed, S. M., Kamalakar, J. A. and Bhardwaj, Anil, The spatial distribution of molecular hydrogenin the lunar atmosphere – new results. Planet. Space Sci., 2015, 106, 142–147; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pss.2014.12.018

Mars Orbiter Mission environmental level specifications, ISROISAC-MOM-PR-2063. ISRO internal document with restricted access, December 2012.

Probing the Heliosphere Using in Situ Payloads On-Board Aditya-L1

Abstract Views :208 | PDF Views:80

Authors

P. Janardhan ¹, Santosh Vadawale ¹, Bhas Bapat ², K. P. Subramanian ¹, D. Chakrabarty ¹, Prashant Kumar ¹, Aveek Sarkar ¹, Nandita Srivastava ¹, R. Satheesh Thampi ³, Vipin K. Yadav ³, M. B. Dhanya ³, Govind G. Nampoothiri ³, J. K. Abhishek ³, Anil Bhardwaj ¹, K. Subhalakshmi ⁴

Affiliations
1 Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad 380 009, IN
2 Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pashan, Pune 411 008, IN
3 Space Physics Laboratory, Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre, Thiruvananthapuram 695 022, IN
4 Laboratory for Electro-Optics Systems, ISRO, Bengaluru 560 058, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 113, No 04 (2017), Pagination: 620-624

Abstract

Aditya-L1, the first ever Indian scientific space mission dedicated to probe the Sun, our nearest star, is slated for launch by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) most likely in 2020, the year coinciding with the expected start of the rising phase of solar cycle 25. Of the seven science payloads on-board Aditya-L1, three are in situ instruments, namely the Aditya Solar wind Particle Experiment, the Plasma Analyser Package for Aditya and a magnetometer package. These three payloads will sample heliospheric data from the L1 Lagrangian point of the Sun-Earth system, at a distance of ~1% of the distance to the Sun, along the Sun-Earth line. This is therefore a unique opportunity for the solar physics community to gain a better understanding of the inner heliosphere and predict space weather more accurately.

Keywords

Aditya-L1, Heliosphere, Payload, Solar Wind Plasma.

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References

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Solar X-ray Monitor Onboard Chandrayaan-2 Orbiter

Abstract Views :234 | PDF Views:85

Authors

M. Shanmugam ¹, S. V. Vadawale ¹, Arpit R. Patel ¹, Hitesh Kumar Adalaja ¹, N. P. S. Mithun ¹, Tinkal Ladiya ¹, Shiv Kumar Goyal ¹, Neeraj K. Tiwari ¹, Nishant Singh ¹, Sushil Kumar ¹, Deepak Kumar Painkra ¹, Y. B. Acharya ¹, Anil Bhardwaj ¹, A. K. Hait ², A. Patinge ², Abinandhan Kapoor ³, H. N. Suresh Kumar ³, Neeraj Satya ³, Gaurav Saxena ⁴, Kalpana Arvind ⁴

Affiliations
1 Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad 380 009, IN
2 Space Applications Centre, Ahmedabad 380 015, IN
3 U. R. Rao Satellite Centre, Bengaluru 560 017, IN
4 Laboratory for Electro Optics Systems, Bengaluru 560 058, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 118, No 1 (2020), Pagination: 45-52

Abstract

Solar X-ray Monitor (XSM) is one of the scientific instruments onboard Chandrayaan-2 orbiter. The XSM along with instrument CLASS (Chandra’s Large Area soft X-ray Spectrometer) comprise the remote X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy experiment of Chandrayaan- 2 mission with an objective to determine the elemental composition of the lunar surface on a global scale. XSM instrument will measure the solar X-rays in the energy range of 1–15 keV using state-of-the-art silicon drift detector. The flight model of the XSM payload has been designed, realized and characterized for various operating parameters. XSM provides energy resolution of ~180 eV at 5.9 keV with high time cadence of one second. The X-ray spectra of the Sun observed with XSM will also contribute to the study of solar corona. The detailed description and the performance characteristics of the XSM instrument are presented in this article.

Keywords

Lunar X-Rays, Silicon Drift Detector, Solar X-Rays, X-Ray Spectrometer.

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Alpha Particle X-ray Spectrometer onboard Chandrayaan-2 Rover

Abstract Views :260 | PDF Views:82

Authors

M. Shanmugam ¹, S. V. Vadawale ¹, Arpit R. Patel ¹, N. P. S. Mithun ¹, Hitesh Kumar Adalaja ¹, Tinkal Ladiya ¹, Shiv Kumar Goyal ¹, Neeraj K. Tiwari ¹, Nishant Singh ¹, Sushil Kumar ¹, Deepak Kumar Painkra ¹, A. K. Hait ², A. Patinge ², Abhishek Kumar ³, Saleem Basha ³, Vivek R. Subramanian ³, R. G. Venkatesh ³, D. B. Prashant ³, Sonal Navle ³, Y. B. Acharya ¹, S. V. S. Murty ¹, Anil Bhardwaj ¹

Affiliations
1 Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad 380 009, IN
2 Space Applications Centre, Ahmedabad 380 015, IN
3 U.R. Rao Satellite Centre, Bengaluru 560 017, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 118, No 1 (2020), Pagination: 53-61

Abstract

Alpha Particle X-ray Spectrometer (APXS) is one of the two scientific experiments on Chandrayaan-2 rover named as Pragyan. The primary scientific objective of APXS is to determine the elemental composition of the lunar surface in the surrounding regions of the landing site. This will be achieved by employing the technique of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy using in situ excitation source ²⁴⁴Cm emitting both X-rays and alpha particles. These radiations excite characteristic X-rays of the elements by the processes of particle induced X-ray emission and XRF. The characteristic X-rays are detected by the ‘state-of-the-art’ X-ray detector known as Silicon Drift Detector, which provides high energy resolution, as well as high efficiency in the energy range of 1–25 keV. This enables APXS to detect all major rock forming elements such as, Na, Mg, Al, Si, Ca, Ti and Fe. The flight model of the APXS payload has been completed and tested for various instrument parameters. The APXS provides energy resolution of ~135 eV at 5. 9keV for the detector operating temperature of about –35°C. The design details and the performance measurement of APXS are presented in this paper.

Keywords

Alpha Particle X-Ray Spectrometer, CSPA, Silicon Drift Detector, X-Ray Spectrometer.

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Bhardwaj, Anil

MENCA experiment aboard India’s Mars Orbiter Mission

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Probing the Heliosphere Using in Situ Payloads On-Board Aditya-L1

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Solar X-ray Monitor Onboard Chandrayaan-2 Orbiter

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Alpha Particle X-ray Spectrometer onboard Chandrayaan-2 Rover

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Life on Mars: What to Know Before We Go. David A. Weintraub

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Meteorite Fall in Bhojade Village, Kopargaon Taluk, Ahmednagar District, Maharashtra, India

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Venus Science Conference

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