Digital Image Processing

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Secure Semi Blind Image Watermarking Using Fractional Fourier and Wavelet Transforms


Affiliations
1 Department of English, NCRRT, Egypt
2 Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications, Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Menoufia University, Menouf, 32952, Egypt
3 Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications, Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Menoufia University, Menouf, 32952, Egypt
4 London Metropolitan University, United Kingdom
     

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In this work, we present a secure and robust digital image watermarking algorithm using both the Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and the Fractional Fourier Transform (FrFT). The main purpose of the paper is to obtain a robust watermarking algorithm that is secure and that allows multiple watermarks to be embedded in the same cover image. We first decompose the host image into its sub-bands with the 2-D DWT. After that, we implement the 2-D FrFT on the selected sub-bands. Two random Pseudo-Noise (PN) sequences are used to modulate the selected FrFT coefficients according to the watermark pixels and inverse transforms are performed to get the watermarked image. In watermark extraction, we do not need the original image. We just need the two PN sequences used in the embedding process and the watermark size. So, a correlation coefficient is used to determine whether the extracted pixel is one or zero. The proposed algorithm shows improved security, capacity and imperceptibility. Also, robustness is still within the acceptable range under different attacks.


Keywords

Watermarking, DWT, FrFT, Security, and Robustness.
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  • Secure Semi Blind Image Watermarking Using Fractional Fourier and Wavelet Transforms

Abstract Views: 221  |  PDF Views: 1

Authors

Ehab H. Elshazly
Department of English, NCRRT, Egypt
Mahmoud A. Ashour
Department of English, NCRRT, Egypt
El-Sayed M. El-Rabaie
Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications, Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Menoufia University, Menouf, 32952, Egypt
Alaaeldin M. Abbas
Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications, Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Menoufia University, Menouf, 32952, Egypt
Fathi E. Abd El-Samie
Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications, Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Menoufia University, Menouf, 32952, Egypt
H. B. Kazemian
London Metropolitan University, United Kingdom

Abstract


In this work, we present a secure and robust digital image watermarking algorithm using both the Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and the Fractional Fourier Transform (FrFT). The main purpose of the paper is to obtain a robust watermarking algorithm that is secure and that allows multiple watermarks to be embedded in the same cover image. We first decompose the host image into its sub-bands with the 2-D DWT. After that, we implement the 2-D FrFT on the selected sub-bands. Two random Pseudo-Noise (PN) sequences are used to modulate the selected FrFT coefficients according to the watermark pixels and inverse transforms are performed to get the watermarked image. In watermark extraction, we do not need the original image. We just need the two PN sequences used in the embedding process and the watermark size. So, a correlation coefficient is used to determine whether the extracted pixel is one or zero. The proposed algorithm shows improved security, capacity and imperceptibility. Also, robustness is still within the acceptable range under different attacks.


Keywords


Watermarking, DWT, FrFT, Security, and Robustness.