A Survey on Fractals

Fractal is an irregular and fragmented geometric shape that can be subdivided in parts, where each part appears to be the same in all range of scale. Fractal geometry and its concepts have become central tools in most of the natural sciences. Fractals are of interest to graphic designers and film makers for their ability to create new and exiting shapes and artificial but realistic worlds. Fractals may appear complex, but they can be developed by simple rules.Computer graphics has played an important role in the development and acceptance of fractal geometry. The generation of each fractal is dependent on the approach and algorithm used. Thus it is important to understand the properties of each type of fractals as this will influence the procedure during the generation of fractal. Fractal plays a central role in the realistic rendering and modeling natural phenomena in computer graphics. This paper discusses on the evolution, classification and application of fractals. It also demonstrates the methods to generate the fractals.