Reducing the Time Delay of Backbone Networks

There is a several types of sleep wake scheduling protocols have been suggested in the research survey. One of the sleep wakes scheduling protocol have been proposed as Synchronized sleep wake scheduling. The sensor nodes are periodically or a periodically exchange the synchronization information with neighbor nodes using these protocols. Though, additional communication overhead and a considerable amount of energy are consumed using such synchronization procedures. On-demand sleep, wake scheduling protocols has been projected, where nodes turn off most of their circuitry and always work on a secondary low-powered receiver to listen to “wake-up” calls from neighboring nodes when there is a need for relaying packets. The costs of sensor motes are increase significantly using on-demand sleep wake due to the additional receiver. In this paper, the proposals of sleep wake scheduling protocols are interested to use the asynchronous techniques such as those proposed. In these protocols, each node wakes up independently of neighboring nodes in order to save energy. An additional delay are included due to the independence of the wake-up processes at each node along the path to sink for the reason that each node needs to wait for its next-hop node to wake up before it can transmit the packet. This delay could be unacceptable for delay-sensitive applications like fire detection or a tsunami alarm and which requires the event reporting delay to be small.