Avoidance of Vehicular Collision and Implementation of Automatic Path Diversion in Emergency for Multi-Hop VANETs Using Cooperative Relay

Vehicular ad-hoc networks require development of new safety applications to prevent collisions and save lives. We consider two cases: (i) Road with Multiple Lanes - Unidirectional Traffic (ii) Road with Single Lane- Bidirectional Traffic. The basic concept is to reduce speed of vehicles, which follow behind the accident-prone vehicle when an accident occurs (emergency event) to avoid further collisions and to pass on the information regarding a route diversion. Further Cooperative relays proposed for usage of multihop communication and to pass information over a control channel for avoidance of vehicular collision and path diversion. We pass the information to the junction for diverting traffic, and the information is passed for an ambulance service and to the police station for emergency help. Further collision between vehicles can be controlled using threshold safety distance by generating a distance warning message to alert the driver. IEEE 802.11p Dedicated Short Range Communication standards are used with OFDM technique. Along with a collision avoidance technique lane number, vehicle number, time of incident occurrence, vehicular position, route diversion is to be passed on and broadcasted using control channel. Further simulation results were analyzed for both unidirectional and bidirectional traffic conditions using cooperative relay collision avoidance and path diversion technique.