A Review of Routing Protocols for Balanced Energy Consumption in Ad-Hoc Networks

An important and essential issue for mobile ad hoc networks is routing protocol design that is a major technical challenge due to the dynamism of the network. The primary goal of such an Ad hoc Network routing protocol is correct and efficient route establishment between a pair of nodes so that messages may be delivered in a timely manner. Although establishing efficient routes is an important goal, a more challenging goal is to provide energy efficient routing protocols, since a critical limiting factor for a mobile node is its operation time, restricted by battery capacity. To improve network lifetime energy balance is an important concern in such networks. The principal focus of this survey is on how to maximize the useful lifetime of ad hoc wireless networks through energy-efficient routing. It is aimed to reveal the factors that influence the depletion of energy in ad hoc networks. This should aid the design of energy-efficient solutions. This paper provides a study on routing protocols and balanced energy consumption protocol.