A Survey on Congestion Control Protocols in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN)

Congestion is detrimental to Wireless sensor network (WSN) and it causes excessive energy consumption and packet drop. The event driven nature of WSN leads to a network load that cannot be predicted. As an outcome, congestion may transpire at sensors that obtain additional data than they can forward, which causes energy fritter, throughput diminution and packet loss. Every protocol possesses its own individuality and desires in terms of bandwidth, packet thrash, efficiency and sustainability of traffic. Still, attaining the desired throughput is a non trivial task as congestion is sure to come in a sensor network. Here it matters which protocol serves best to overcome congestion. In this paper, we weigh against the performance of various congestion control algorithms like FCCP, PCCP, PHTCCP and ACT. Under the simulations and study, the rate based FCCP provides better performance than the other existing approaches that alleviates throughput, packet loss, energy efficiency and fairness.