An Energy Efficient Routing Scheme using Connected Dominating Set for Wireless Sensor Networks

The biggest challenge for designers of Wireless Sensor Networks is the utilization of energy because the current generations of sensor nodes are battery powered and recharging of these is not possible and not cost effective either. There are many routing approaches available to improve the network’s energy efficiency and to provide better load balancing. In this paper we have proposed a new routing scheme named Connected Dominating Set based Routing (CDSR) for extending the lifetime of the wireless sensor network. Our CDSR algorithm has three phases: Cluster Formation phase, Cluster-Head Selection phase and Steady State phase. In the cluster formation phase, we use RSCDS, a centralized algorithm[11] to form clusters. The proposed protocol measures the energy level of all nodes after completion of each round in the network based on a threshold energy level. A highest energy level node will get elected as cluster head node to the subsequence rounds. According to changed cluster head node alternate route will be dynamically adapted. Hence most of the cluster members within the cluster share the role of cluster head. This mechanism provides better load balancing and minimizes individual nodes energy consumption. The simulation results shows that our protocol out performs the existing routing protocols in terms of network lifetime, number of clusters formed, average delay, data delivery ratio, routing overhead and mean energy consumption.