Enhancement of Network Lifetime of Wireless Sensor Networks Using Energy Efficient Mobile Sink Based Routing Protocol

Sensors are used to gather information from the environment and sent it to the base station. The most challenging task in wireless sensor network is to save the energy level of nodes. Clustering plays a vital role in transferring the data from the sensors to the base station. Sensor near the sink node will deplete their energy quickly when compared to other sensors in the environment which leads to energy hole problem. In order to avoid the energy hole problem, mobility of a sink has been accepted as a better way to overcome the issue. This paper proposes an Energy Efficient Mobile Sink Based Routing Protocol (EEMSBRP) in order to guide the mobile sink to find the appropriate path and move to the specific location and gather the sensitive information from the cluster head. The performance of the EEMSBRP is compared with the existing protocol namely Mobile Sink Based Adaptive Immune Energy Efficient Clustering Protocol (MSIEEP) using Network Simulator (NS2). The proposed protocol improves the packet delivery ratio and packet drop rate over MSIEEP, as it always prefers the Cluster heads as high energy nodes. The mobile sink also decreases the number of intermediate nodes for routing which helps to increase the packet delivery ratio and decrease in drop rate.