International Journal of Computer Networks and Applications

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access

Throughput Optimization - Based Gateways Placement Methods in Wireless Networks


Affiliations
1 Department of Computer Engineering, Vishwakarma University, Pune, India
 

The Internet of Things (IoT) allows interconnected devices for sharing and controlling data among each other as things are connected through the Internet. Communication among these devices that are part of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) and the Internet is eased with the help of Internet Gateway, which is termed IoT gateway. The performance of IoT networks is affected by various network parameters such as the position in the network gateways, heterogenous coordinating devices, link selection and link assignment, link scheduling, and transmission scheduling. To increase the performance of the network, the placement of the gateways should be optimal, which reduces the deployment cost and increases throughput. Furthermore, more than one gateway is placed to reduce congestion within the IoT network, resulting in noise and increasing the cost. Most researchers focused on the placement of internet gateway or mesh routers in the Wireless Mesh Network (WMN). The gateway placement problem needs to focus on IoT networks where heterogeneous wireless technologies are involved for machine-to-machine communication (M2M). It is challenging to deal with different wireless technologies along with gateway placement for the network throughput maximization. In this article, we propose the “Novel Gateway Select Algorithm,” which selects the best candidate gateways to achieve throughput maximization during heavy traffic load on coordinating devices or intermediate gateways. The evaluation of the performance of the Novel Gateway Select algorithm is demonstrated by using simulation. The result proved that the proposed system selects the appropriate candidate gateway with high throughput and minimum average load considering the dynamic variance of heavy traffic at each coordinating device or intermediate gateway in the IoT network.

Keywords

Internet of Things, Multiple Gateways, IoT Network, Gateway Placement Problem.
User
Notifications
Font Size

  • Ezechina, M. A., Okwara, K. K., & Ugboaja, C. A. U. (2015). The Internet of Things (IoT): a scalable approach to connecting everything. The International Journal of Engineering and Science, 4(1), 09-12.

  • Ibarra-Esquer, J. E., González-Navarro, F. F., Flores-Rios, B. L., Burtseva, L., & Astorga-Vargas, M. A. (2017). Tracking the evolution of the internet of things concept across different application domains. Sensors, 17(6), 1379.

  • Singh, V. K., Kushwaha, D. S., Singh, S., & Sharma, S. (2015). The next evolution of the internet… internet of things. International Journal of Engineering Research in Computer Science and Engineering (IJERCSE), 2(1), 31-35.

  • Amodu, O. A., & Othman, M. (2018). Machine-to-machine communication: An overview of opportunities. Computer Networks, 145, 255-276.

  • Mnguni, S., Abu-Mahfouz, A. M., Mudali, P., & Adigun, M. O. (2019, August). A review of gateway placement algorithms on Internet of Things. In 2019 International Conference on Advances in Big Data, Computing and Data Communication Systems (icABCD) (pp. 1-6). IEEE.

  • Srivastava, S., & Jaiswal, A. K. (2013). Clustering based Load Balanced Gateway Placement Approach. International Journal of Computer Applications, 63(5).

  • Tian, H., Weitnauer, M. A., & Nyengele, G. (2018). Optimized gateway placement for interference cancellation in transmit-only lpwa networks. Sensors, 18(11), 3884.

  • Raghavendra, Y. M., & Mahadevaswamy, U. B. (2021). Energy Efficient Intra Cluster Gateway Optimal Placement in Wireless Sensor Network. Wireless Personal Communications, 1-20.

  • Liu, W., Nishiyama, H., Kato, N., Shimizu, Y., & Kumagai, T. (2012, September). A novel gateway selection method to maximize the system throughput of wireless mesh network deployed in disaster areas. In 2012 IEEE 23rd International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications-(PIMRC) (pp. 771-776). IEEE.

  • Karimi, O. B., Liu, J., & Li, Z. (2014). Multicast with cooperative gateways in multi-channel wireless mesh networks. Ad Hoc Networks, 13, 170-180.

  • Lazrag, Z., Hamdi, M., & Zaied, M. (2017, October). Bi-objective ga for cost-effective and delay-aware gateway placement in wireless mesh networks. In 2017 IEEE/ACS 14th International Conference on Computer Systems and Applications (AICCSA) (pp. 103-108). IEEE.

  • Wzorek, M., Berger, C., & Doherty, P. (2019, August). Router node placement in wireless mesh networks for emergency rescue scenarios. In Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence (pp. 496-509). Springer, Cham.

  • Patil, S. (2021). Distance Aware Gateway Placement Optimization for Machine-to-Machine (M2M) Communication in IoT Network. Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT), 12(2), 1995-2005.

  • Hamza, F., & Vigila, S. M. C (2021). Cluster Head Selection Algorithm for MANETs Using Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization-Genetic Algorithm, 8(2),119-129.

  • El Khediri, S., Fakhet, W., Moulahi, T., Khan, R., Thaljaoui, A., & Kachouri, A. (2020). Improved node localization using K-means for Wireless Sensor Networks. Computer Science Review, 37, 100284.

  • Rawat, P., & Chauhan, S. (2021). Clustering protocols in wireless sensor network: A survey, classification, issues, and future directions. Computer Science Review, 40, 100396.

  • Raghavendra, Y. M., & Mahadevaswamy, U. B. (2021). Energy Efficient Intra Cluster Gateway Optimal Placement in Wireless Sensor Network. Wireless Personal Communications, 1-20.

  • Ahmed, A. M., & Hashim, A. H. A. (2015). A genetic approach for gateway placement in wireless mesh networks. International Journal of Computer Science and Network Security (IJCSNS), 15(7), 11.

  • Bozorgchenani, A., Jahanshahi, M., & Tarchi, D. (2018). Gateway selection and clustering in multi‐interface wireless mesh networks considering network reliability and traffic. Transactions on Emerging Telecommunications Technologies, 29(3), e3215.

  • Fendji, J. L. E. K., & Förster, A. (2021). A Multi-objective Approach for Wireless Heterogeneous Router Placement in Rural Wireless Mesh Networks. In Towards new e-Infrastructure and e-Services for Developing Countries: 12th EAI International Conference, AFRICOMM 2020, Ebène City, Mauritius, December 2-4, 2020, Proceedings 12 (pp. 43-55). Springer International Publishing.

  • Jahanshahi, M., Dehghan, M., & Meybodi, M. R. (2017). A cross-layer optimization framework for joint channel assignment and multicast routing in multi-channel multi-radio wireless mesh networks. International Journal of Computer Mathematics, 94(8), 1624-1652.

  • Nouri, N. A., Aliouat, Z., Naouri, A., & Hassak, S. A. (2021). Accelerated PSO algorithm applied to clients coverage and routers connectivity in wireless mesh networks. Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing, 1-15.

  • Le, V. T., Dinh, N. H., & Nguyen, N. G. (2011, May). A novel PSO-based algorithm for gateway placement in wireless mesh networks. In 2011 IEEE 3rd International Conference on Communication Software and Networks (pp. 41-45). IEEE.

  • Amrieen, S. I. (2020, March). Particle Swarm Optimization based Load Balancing Technique for Wireless Sensor Networks. In 2020 6th International Conference on Advanced Computing and Communication Systems (ICACCS) (pp. 1228-1233). IEEE.

  • Matni, N., Moraes, J., Oliveira, H., Rosário, D., & Cerqueira, E. (2020). Lorawan gateway placement model for dynamic Internet of things scenarios. Sensors, 20(15), 4336.

  • Bansal, S., & Kumar, D. (2020). IoT ecosystem: A survey on devices, gateways, operating systems, middleware, and communication. International Journal of Wireless Information Networks, 1-25.

  • Das, B., Roy, A. K., Khan, A. K., & Roy, S. (2014, November). A new approach for gateway-level load balancing of wmns through k-means clustering. In 2014 International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Communication Networks (pp. 515-519). IEEE.

  • Seyedzadegan, M., Othman, M., Ali, B. M., & Subramaniam, S. (2013). Zero-degree algorithm for internet gateway placement in backbone wireless mesh networks. Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 36(6), 1705-1723.

  • Liu, W., Nishiyama, H., Kato, N., Shimizu, Y., & Kumagai, T. (2012, September). A novel gateway selection method to maximize the system throughput of wireless mesh network deployed in disaster areas. In 2012 IEEE 23rd International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications-(PIMRC) (pp. 771-776). IEEE.

  • Ning, Z., Guo, L., Peng, Y., & Wang, X. (2012). Joint scheduling and routing algorithm with load balancing in wireless mesh network. Computers & Electrical Engineering, 38(3), 533-550.

  • Luthra, S., Garg, D., Mangla, S. K., & Berwal, Y. P. S. (2018). Analyzing challenges to Internet of Things (IoT) adoption and diffusion: An Indian context. Procedia Computer Science, 125, 733-739.

  • Seetha, S., Francis, S. A. J., and Kanaga, E. G. M. (2021). Optimal Placement Techniques of Mesh Router Nodes in Wireless Mesh Networks. In 2nd EAI International Conference on Big Data Innovation for Sustainable Cognitive Computing (pp. 217-226). Springer, Cham.

  • Rawat, P., & Chauhan, S. (2021). Clustering protocols in wireless sensor network: A survey, classification, issues, and future directions. Computer Science Review, 40, 100396.

  • Hamza, F., & Vigila, S. M. C (2021). Cluster Head Selection Algorithm for MANETs Using Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization-Genetic Algorithm, 8(2),119-129.

  • Fathy, Y., & Barnaghi, P. (2019). Quality-based and energy-efficient data communication for the internet of things networks. IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 6(6), 10318-10331.

  • Jahanshahi, M., Dehghan, M., & Meybodi, M. R. (2017). A cross-layer optimization framework for joint channel assignment and multicast routing in multi-channel multi-radio wireless mesh networks. International Journal of Computer Mathematics, 94(8), 1624-1652.

  • Kumar, N., Chilamkurti, N., & Lee, J. H. (2013). UBMR-CA: Utility-based multicast routing and channel assignment with varying traffic demands in multi-radio multi-channel wireless mesh networks. Mathematical and Computer Modelling, 57(11-12), 2750-2763.

  • Hu, J., Yang, L. L., & Hanzo, L. (2017). Energy-efficient cross-layer design of wireless mesh networks for content sharing in online social networks. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 66(9), 8495-8509.

  • Jahanshahi, M., & Barmi, A. T. (2014). Multicast routing protocols in wireless mesh networks: a survey. Computing, 96(11), 1029-1057.

  • Ousat, B., & Ghaderi, M. (2019, July). Lora network planning: Gateway placement and device configuration. In 2019 IEEE International Congress on Internet of Things (ICIOT) (pp. 25-32). IEEE.

  • Banaie, F., Yaghmaee, M. H., Hosseini, S. A., & Tashtarian, F. (2020). Load-balancing algorithm for multiple gateways in Fog-based Internet of Things. IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 7(8), 7043-7053.

  • Choi, S. H., Jang, Y., Seo, H., Hong, B. I., & Ryoo, I. (2021). An Effective Algorithm to Find a Cost Minimizing Gateway Deployment for Node-Replaceable Wireless Sensor Networks. Sensors, 21(5), 1732.

  • El Khediri, S., Fakhet, W., Moulahi, T., Khan, R., Thaljaoui, A., & Kachouri, A. (2020). Improved node localization using K-means for Wireless Sensor Networks. Computer Science Review, 37, 100284.

  • Raghavendra, Y. M., & Mahadevaswamy, U. B. (2021). Energy Efficient Intra Cluster Gateway Optimal Placement in Wireless Sensor Network. Wireless Personal Communications, 1-20.

  • Ashraf, U. (2017). Energy-aware gateway placement in green wireless mesh networks. IEEE Communications Letters, 21(1), 156-159.

  • Seiji, O., Admir, B., Phudit, A., Shinji, S., Keita, M., & Leonard, B. (2020). A Hybrid Intelligent Simulation System for Constructing IoT Networks: Performance Evaluation of WMN-PSODGA Simulation System Considering Different Router Replacement Methods. Internet of Things, 11, 100215.

  • Ahmed, A. M., & Hashim, A. H. A. (2015). A genetic approach for gateway placement in wireless mesh networks. International Journal of Computer Science and Network Security (IJCSNS), 15(7), 11.

  • Gokbayrak, K. (2018). Robust gateway placement in wireless mesh networks. Computers & Operations Research, 97, 84-95.

  • Gravalos, I., Makris, P., Christodoulopoulos, K., & Varvarigos, E. A. (2016, December). Efficient gateways placement for Internet of Things with QoS constraints. In 2016 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM) (pp. 1-6). IEEE.

  • Tang, M., & Chen, C. A. (2017, November). Wireless network gateway placement by evolutionary graph clustering. In International Conference on Neural Information Processing (pp. 894-902). Springer, Cham.

  • Ouchkir, E., Maizate, A., & Ouzzif, M. (2017). Integration Gateways for traffic Load Balancing to improve lifetime in the wireless sensor network. Revue Méditerranéenne des Télécommunications, 7(2).

  • Karimi, O. B., Liu, J., & Li, Z. (2014). Multicast with cooperative gateways in multi-channel wireless mesh networks. Ad Hoc Networks, 13, 170-180.

  • Seyedzadegan, M., Othman, M., Ali, B. M., & Subramaniam, S. (2013). Zero-degree algorithm for internet gateway placement in backbone wireless mesh networks. Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 36(6), 1705-1723.

  • Zhou, P., Wang, X., Manoj, B. S., & Rao, R. (2010). On optimizing gateway placement for throughput in wireless mesh networks. EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking, 2010, 1-12.


Abstract Views: 380

PDF Views: 2




  • Throughput Optimization - Based Gateways Placement Methods in Wireless Networks

Abstract Views: 380  |  PDF Views: 2

Authors

Suvarna Patil
Department of Computer Engineering, Vishwakarma University, Pune, India
Prasad Gokhale
Department of Computer Engineering, Vishwakarma University, Pune, India

Abstract


The Internet of Things (IoT) allows interconnected devices for sharing and controlling data among each other as things are connected through the Internet. Communication among these devices that are part of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) and the Internet is eased with the help of Internet Gateway, which is termed IoT gateway. The performance of IoT networks is affected by various network parameters such as the position in the network gateways, heterogenous coordinating devices, link selection and link assignment, link scheduling, and transmission scheduling. To increase the performance of the network, the placement of the gateways should be optimal, which reduces the deployment cost and increases throughput. Furthermore, more than one gateway is placed to reduce congestion within the IoT network, resulting in noise and increasing the cost. Most researchers focused on the placement of internet gateway or mesh routers in the Wireless Mesh Network (WMN). The gateway placement problem needs to focus on IoT networks where heterogeneous wireless technologies are involved for machine-to-machine communication (M2M). It is challenging to deal with different wireless technologies along with gateway placement for the network throughput maximization. In this article, we propose the “Novel Gateway Select Algorithm,” which selects the best candidate gateways to achieve throughput maximization during heavy traffic load on coordinating devices or intermediate gateways. The evaluation of the performance of the Novel Gateway Select algorithm is demonstrated by using simulation. The result proved that the proposed system selects the appropriate candidate gateway with high throughput and minimum average load considering the dynamic variance of heavy traffic at each coordinating device or intermediate gateway in the IoT network.

Keywords


Internet of Things, Multiple Gateways, IoT Network, Gateway Placement Problem.

References





DOI: https://doi.org/10.22247/ijcna%2F2021%2F209701