International Journal of Computer Networks and Applications

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access

Blockchain Assisted Chaotic Chameleon Swarm Optimization Based Clustering Technique in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks


Affiliations
1 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Annamalai University Annamalai Nagar, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu., India
2 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Mailam Engineering College, Mailam, Villupuram Tamil Nadu, India
 

Vehicular Ad Hoc network (VANET) has group of stationary or moving vehicles linked via wireless networks. Clustering in VANET is used to enhance network efficiency, scalability, and performance. By aggregating vehicles into clusters, communication overhead was decreased, and the network was managed with a greater count of vehicles. Moreover, clustering supports minimizing inter-cluster communication and decreasing congestion, therefore enhancing network reliability. The cluster head (CH) has the responsibility to manage communication in the cluster and forward communications to other clusters. In recent times, Blockchain (BC) technology has been executed to VANETs for enhancing privacy and security. A BC-based scheme is utilized for recording transactions like the change of data amongst vehicles from the secure and tamper-proof method. This makes sure that data cannot be falsified or altered and that the authenticity of data is verified. Therefore, this study develops a Blockchain Assisted Chaotic Chameleon Swarm Optimization based Energy Aware Clustering (BCCSO-EAC) technique in VANET. The presented BCCSO-EAC technique constructs clusters and selects CHs using a fitness function comprising residual energy (RE), node degree (ND), and intra-cluster distance parameters. The BCCSO-EAC technique selects CHs in such that the load among the nodes gets distributed properly. Moreover, BC technology was carried out to enable secure inter-cluster and intra-cluster VANET communication. The experimental result analysis of the BCCSO-EAC method is tested under various measures. The outcomes stated the improved results of the BCCSO-EAC technique over other recent approaches in terms of different evaluation metrics.

Keywords

Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks, Chameleon Swarm Algorithm, Blockchain, Clustering, Fitness Function, Energy Efficiency, Multi-Hop Communication.
User
Notifications
Font Size

  • Mchergui, A., Moulahi, T. and Zeadally, S., 2022. Survey on artificial intelligence (AI) techniques for vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs). Vehicular Communications, 34, p.100403.

  • Nahar, A. and Das, D., 2023. MetaLearn: Optimizing routing heuristics with a hybrid meta-learning approach in vehicular ad-hoc networks. Ad Hoc Networks, 138, p.102996.

  • Sun, R., Huang, Y. and Zhu, L., 2021. Communication by credence: trust communication in vehicular Ad Hoc networks. Mobile Networks and Applications, pp.1-13.

  • Sharan, B., Chhabra, M. and Sagar, A.K., 2022, March. State-of-the-art: Data Dissemination Techniques in Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks. In 2022 9th International Conference on Computing for Sustainable Global Development (INDIACom) (pp. 126-131). IEEE.

  • Dwivedi, S.K., Amin, R., Das, A.K., Leung, M.T., Choo, K.K.R. and Vollala, S., 2022. Blockchain-based vehicular ad-hoc networks: A comprehensive survey. Ad Hoc Networks, p.102980.

  • Akhter, A.S., Ahmed, M., Shah, A.S., Anwar, A. and Zengin, A., 2021. A secured privacy-preserving multi-level blockchain framework for cluster based VANET. Sustainability, 13(1), p.400.

  • Alboqomi, O., Gazdar, T. and Munshi, A., 2020, November. A new blockchain-based trust management protocol for vehicular Ad Hoc networks. In The 4th International Conference on Future Networks and Distributed Systems (ICFNDS) (pp. 1-5).

  • Sindhwani, M., Singh, C. and Singh, R., 2022. Blockchain Technology-based System in Vehicular Ad-hoc Network. Cross-Industry Blockchain Technology: Opportunities and Challenges in Industry 4.0, p.110.

  • Saad, M., Khan, M.K. and Ahmad, M.B., 2022. Blockchain-Enabled Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks: A Systematic Literature Review. Sustainability, 14(7), p.3919.

  • Chaudhary, B. and Singh, K., 2021. A Blockchain enabled location-privacy preserving scheme for vehicular ad-hoc networks. Peer-to-Peer Networking and Applications, 14, pp.3198-3212.

  • Vinoth Kumar, K. and Duraisamy, B., 2022. Efficient Privacy-Preserving Red Deer Optimization Algorithm with Blockchain Technology for Clustered VANET. Tehničkivjesnik, 29(3), pp.813-817.

  • Liu, G., Fan, N., Wu, C.Q. and Zou, X., 2022. On a blockchain-based security scheme for defense against malicious nodes in vehicular ad-hoc networks. Sensors, 22(14), p.5361.

  • Chaudhary, B. and Singh, K., 2021. A Blockchain enabled location-privacy preserving scheme for vehicular ad-hoc networks. Peer-to-Peer Networking and Applications, 14, pp.3198-3212.

  • Zhang, X., Li, R., Hou, W. and Zhao, H., 2021. V-Lattice: a lightweight blockchain architecture based on DAG-lattice structure for vehicular Ad Hoc networks. Security and Communication Networks, 2021, pp.1-17.

  • Folsom, R.D., Aravindhan, K. and Sikamani, K.T., 2021. A Novel Routing and Hybrid Based Clustering Scheme in vehicular Ad Hoc networks. International Journal of Intelligent Networks, 2, pp.103-114.

  • Zhang, J., Jiang, Y., Cui, J., He, D., Bolodurina, I. and Zhong, H., 2022. DBCPA: Dual Blockchain-Assisted Conditional Privacy-Preserving Authentication Framework and Protocol for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing.

  • Dwivedi, S.K., Amin, R., Vollala, S. and Khan, M.K., 2023. B-HAS: Blockchain-Assisted Efficient Handover Authentication and Secure Communication Protocol in VANETs. IEEE Transactions on Network Science and Engineering.

  • Zhang, D., Shi, W. and Yang, R., 2023, February. A Blockchain-Based Distributed Machine Learning (BDML) Approach for Resource Allocation in Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks. In Green, Pervasive, and Cloud Computing: 17th International Conference, GPC 2022, Chengdu, China, December 2–4, 2022, Proceedings (pp. 110-121). Cham: Springer International Publishing.

  • Feng, X., Cui, K., Jiang, H. and Li, Z., 2022. EBAS: An Efficient Blockchain-Based Authentication Scheme for Secure Communication in Vehicular Ad Hoc Network. Symmetry, 14(6), p.1230.

  • Malik, M.W., Gul, Q. and Raja, G., 2022, August. Blockchain-based Security and Privacy-aware Protocol for Vehicular Ad Hoc Network. In 2022 19th International Bhurban Conference on Applied Sciences and Technology (IBCAST) (pp. 279-284). IEEE.

  • Roy, A. and Madria, S.K., 2021, June. BLAME: A Blockchain-assisted Misbehavior Detection and Event Validation in VANETs. In 2021 22nd IEEE International Conference on Mobile Data Management (MDM) (pp. 69-78). IEEE.

  • Behura, A., Srinivas, M. and Kabat, M.R., 2022. Giraffe kicking optimization algorithm provides efficient routing mechanism in the field of vehicular Ad Hoc networks. Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing, 13(8), pp.3989-4008.

  • Hu, G., Yang, R. and Wei, G., 2023. Hybrid chameleon swarm algorithm with multi-strategy: A case study of degree reduction for disk Wang–Ball curves. Mathematics and Computers in Simulation, 206, pp.709-769.

  • Nguyen, G.N., Le Viet, N.H., Devaraj, A.F.S., Gobi, R. and Shankar, K., 2020. Blockchain enabled energy efficient red deer algorithm based clustering protocol for pervasive wireless sensor networks. Sustainable Computing: Informatics and Systems, 28, p.100464.

  • Joshi, G.P., Perumal, E., Shankar, K., Tariq, U., Ahmad, T. and Ibrahim, A., 2020. Toward blockchain-enabled privacy-preserving data transmission in cluster-based vehicular networks. Electronics, 9(9), p.1358.


Abstract Views: 173

PDF Views: 0




  • Blockchain Assisted Chaotic Chameleon Swarm Optimization Based Clustering Technique in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

Abstract Views: 173  |  PDF Views: 0

Authors

R. Mohan
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Annamalai University Annamalai Nagar, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu., India
G. Prabakaran
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Annamalai University Annamalai Nagar, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu., India
T. Priyaradhikadevi
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Mailam Engineering College, Mailam, Villupuram Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract


Vehicular Ad Hoc network (VANET) has group of stationary or moving vehicles linked via wireless networks. Clustering in VANET is used to enhance network efficiency, scalability, and performance. By aggregating vehicles into clusters, communication overhead was decreased, and the network was managed with a greater count of vehicles. Moreover, clustering supports minimizing inter-cluster communication and decreasing congestion, therefore enhancing network reliability. The cluster head (CH) has the responsibility to manage communication in the cluster and forward communications to other clusters. In recent times, Blockchain (BC) technology has been executed to VANETs for enhancing privacy and security. A BC-based scheme is utilized for recording transactions like the change of data amongst vehicles from the secure and tamper-proof method. This makes sure that data cannot be falsified or altered and that the authenticity of data is verified. Therefore, this study develops a Blockchain Assisted Chaotic Chameleon Swarm Optimization based Energy Aware Clustering (BCCSO-EAC) technique in VANET. The presented BCCSO-EAC technique constructs clusters and selects CHs using a fitness function comprising residual energy (RE), node degree (ND), and intra-cluster distance parameters. The BCCSO-EAC technique selects CHs in such that the load among the nodes gets distributed properly. Moreover, BC technology was carried out to enable secure inter-cluster and intra-cluster VANET communication. The experimental result analysis of the BCCSO-EAC method is tested under various measures. The outcomes stated the improved results of the BCCSO-EAC technique over other recent approaches in terms of different evaluation metrics.

Keywords


Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks, Chameleon Swarm Algorithm, Blockchain, Clustering, Fitness Function, Energy Efficiency, Multi-Hop Communication.

References





DOI: https://doi.org/10.22247/ijcna%2F2023%2F221888