International Journal of Computer Networks and Applications

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access

An Energy-Conserved Stability and Density-Aware QoS-Enabled Topological Change Adaptable Multipath Routing in MANET


Affiliations
1 Department of Computer Science, KSG College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
 

One of the major challenges in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) is achieving Quality-of-Service (QoS) for data communication using multi-disjoint routing protocols. As a result, a Reliable and Stable Topological change Adaptive Ad Hoc On-demand Multipath Distance Vector (RSTA-AOMDV) routing protocol has been designed to select forwarding nodes based on the node's local information. However, this protocol did not consider the node's global stability, and predicting network topology in high-speed MANETs was difficult due to the random movement of nodes. Therefore, this article proposes a novel routing protocol to choose stable nodes and optimal routes for effective data transmission in high-speed MANETs. First, an Energy-conserved Stability and Density-aware QoS-enabled Topological change Adaptable Multipath Routing (ESDQTMR) protocol is developed to ensure data transmission stability from the source to the target nodes by considering both local and global stability factors. Stable Betweenness Centrality (SBC) and transferring packets according to the locality dependency energy level are adopted to find a stable node. After that, an Optimized ESDQTMR (OESDQTMR) protocol is proposed, which uses the Golden Eagle Optimization (GEO) algorithm to choose the best path according to the new objective function. Additionally, fractional calculus is considered to enhance the exploration of the optimal routing path. Finally, extensive simulation findings show that the OESDQTMR protocol achieves greater network performance compared to other routing protocols under varying numbers of nodes and node mobility.

Keywords

High-Speed MANET, RSTA-AOMDV, Stable Routing, Betweenness Centrality, Optimal Path Selection, Golden Eagle Optimization.
User
Notifications
Font Size

  • Tripathy, B. K., Jena, S. K., Reddy, V., Das, S., & Panda, S. K. (2021). A novel communication framework between MANET and WSN in IoT based smart environment. International Journal of Information Technology, 13, 921-931.

  • Quy, V. K., Nam, V. H., Linh, D. M., & Ngoc, L. A. (2022). Routing algorithms for MANET-IoT networks: a comprehensive survey. Wireless Personal Communications, 125(4), 3501-3525.

  • Agrawal, R., Faujdar, N., Romero, C. A. T., Sharma, O., Abdulsahib, G. M., Khalaf, O. I., ... & Ghoneim, O. A. (2022). Classification and comparison of ad hoc networks: a review. Egyptian Informatics Journal, 24, 1-25.

  • Ramalingam, R., Muniyan, R., Dumka, A., Singh, D. P., Mohamed, H. G., Singh, R., ... & Noya, I. D. (2022). Routing protocol for MANET based on QoS-aware service composition with dynamic secured broker selection. Electronics, 11(17), 1-17.

  • Priyambodo, T. K., Wijayanto, D., & Gitakarma, M. S. (2020). Performance optimization of MANET networks through routing protocol analysis. Computers, 10(1), 1-13.

  • Soomro, A. M., Fudzee, M. F. B. M., Hussain, M., Saim, H. M., Zaman, G., Atta-ur-Rahman, H. A., & Nabil, M. (2022). Comparative review of routing protocols in manet for future research in disaster management. Journal of Communications, 17(9), 734-744.

  • Alasadi, S. A., Al-Joda, A. A., & Abdullah, E. F. (2021). Mobile ad hoc network (MANET) proactive and reactive routing protocols. Journal of Discrete Mathematical sciences and Cryptography, 24(7), 2017-2025.

  • Bamhdi, A. M. (2020). Efficient dynamic-power AODV routing protocol based on node density. Computer Standards & Interfaces, 70, 1-16.

  • Prasath, N., & Sreemathy, J. (2019). Optimized dynamic source routing protocol for MANETs. Cluster Computing, 22(Suppl 5), 12397-12409.

  • Sharma, A., Bansal, A., & Rishiwal, V. (2020). SBADR: stable and bandwidth aware dynamic routing protocol for mobile ad hoc network. International Journal of Pervasive Computing and Communications, 16(3), 205-221.

  • Tilwari, V., Dimyati, K., Hindia, M. N., Fattouh, A., & Amiri, I. S. (2019). Mobility, residual energy, and link quality aware multipath routing in MANETs with Q-learning algorithm. Applied Sciences, 9(8), 1-23.

  • Ghafouri vaighan, M., & Jabraeil Jamali, M. A. (2019). A multipath QoS multicast routing protocol based on link stability and route reliability in mobile ad-hoc networks. Journal of ambient intelligence and humanized computing, 10(1), 107-123.

  • Mohsin, A. H. (2022). Optimize routing protocol overheads in MANETs: challenges and solutions: a review paper. Wireless Personal Communications, 126(4), 2871-2910.

  • Alkhamisi, A. O., Buhari, S. M., Tsaramirsis, G., & Basheri, M. (2020). An integrated incentive and trust-based optimal path identification in ad hoc on-demand multipath distance vector routing for MANET. International Journal of Grid and Utility Computing, 11(2), 169-184.

  • Chen, Z., Zhou, W., Wu, S., & Cheng, L. (2020). An adaptive on-demand multipath routing protocol with QoS support for high-speed MANET. IEEE Access, 8, 44760-44773.

  • Marydasan, B. P., & Nadarajan, R. (2022). Topology change aware on demand routing protocol for improving reliability and stability of MANET. International Journal of Intelligent Engineering & Systems, 15(4), 468-478.

  • Zhang, F., & Yang, G. (2020). A stable backup routing protocol for wireless ad hoc networks. Sensors, 20(23), 1-11.

  • Sirmollo, C. Z., & Bitew, M. A. (2021). Mobility-aware routing algorithm for mobile ad hoc networks. Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, 2021, 1-12.

  • Kumar, C. N., & Kukunuru, N. (2021). Energy efficient disjoint multipath routing protocol using simulated annealing in MANET. Wireless Personal Communications, 120(2), 1027-1042.

  • Velusamy, B., Karunanithy, K., Sauveron, D., Akram, R. N., & Cho, J. (2021). Multi-objective function-based node-disjoint multipath routing for mobile ad hoc networks. Electronics, 10(15), 1-17.

  • Wang, S. (2021). Multipath routing based on genetic algorithm in wireless sensor networks. Mathematical Problems in Engineering, 2021, 1-6.

  • Naseem, M., Ahamad, G., Sharma, S., & Abbasi, E. (2021). EE‐LB‐AOMDV: an efficient energy constraints‐based load‐balanced multipath routing protocol for MANETs. International Journal of Communication Systems, 34(16), 1-13.

  • Benatia, S. E., Smail, O., Meftah, B., Rebbah, M., & Cousin, B. (2021). A reliable multipath routing protocol based on link quality and stability for MANETs in urban areas. Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory, 113, 1-17.

  • Alghamdi, S. A. (2022). Cuckoo energy-efficient load-balancing on-demand multipath routing protocol. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 47(2), 1321-1335.

  • Sharma, A., & Tharani, L. (2022). Ant colony based node disjoint local repair in multipath routing in MANET network. Wireless Personal Communications, 127(1), 159-186.

  • Jegadeesan, R., Beno, A., Manikandan, S. P., Rao, D. S., Narukullapati, B. K., Kumar, T. R., Omarov, B., & Batu, A. (2022). Stable route selection for adaptive packet transmission in 5g-based mobile communications. Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, 2022, 1-10.


Abstract Views: 153

PDF Views: 1




  • An Energy-Conserved Stability and Density-Aware QoS-Enabled Topological Change Adaptable Multipath Routing in MANET

Abstract Views: 153  |  PDF Views: 1

Authors

Binuja Philomina Marydasan
Department of Computer Science, KSG College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
Ranjith Nadarajan
Department of Computer Science, KSG College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract


One of the major challenges in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) is achieving Quality-of-Service (QoS) for data communication using multi-disjoint routing protocols. As a result, a Reliable and Stable Topological change Adaptive Ad Hoc On-demand Multipath Distance Vector (RSTA-AOMDV) routing protocol has been designed to select forwarding nodes based on the node's local information. However, this protocol did not consider the node's global stability, and predicting network topology in high-speed MANETs was difficult due to the random movement of nodes. Therefore, this article proposes a novel routing protocol to choose stable nodes and optimal routes for effective data transmission in high-speed MANETs. First, an Energy-conserved Stability and Density-aware QoS-enabled Topological change Adaptable Multipath Routing (ESDQTMR) protocol is developed to ensure data transmission stability from the source to the target nodes by considering both local and global stability factors. Stable Betweenness Centrality (SBC) and transferring packets according to the locality dependency energy level are adopted to find a stable node. After that, an Optimized ESDQTMR (OESDQTMR) protocol is proposed, which uses the Golden Eagle Optimization (GEO) algorithm to choose the best path according to the new objective function. Additionally, fractional calculus is considered to enhance the exploration of the optimal routing path. Finally, extensive simulation findings show that the OESDQTMR protocol achieves greater network performance compared to other routing protocols under varying numbers of nodes and node mobility.

Keywords


High-Speed MANET, RSTA-AOMDV, Stable Routing, Betweenness Centrality, Optimal Path Selection, Golden Eagle Optimization.

References





DOI: https://doi.org/10.22247/ijcna%2F2023%2F223692