An Energy Efficient Fitness Based Routing Protocol in Wireless Sensor Networks

A wireless sensor network is a self-organized multi hop network that consists of a large number of sensor nodes. The efficiency of the sensor networks depends upon the routing protocol used. There are different routing protocols exists to extend the network lifetime by efficiently consuming the energy of the nodes. The nodes have limited energy resources and are battery powered. Therefore, designing an effective routing protocol that conserve scarce energy resources is the major critical issue in WSN. In this paper, a Fitness based Routing Protocol (FRP) is proposed to optimize energy efficient data transmission. The energy consumption of nodes is reduced by selecting the nodes with minimum hop count and distance. Genetic algorithm is used as an optimization technique to find the fitted node based on its fitness value. The FRP could increase the network lifetime and throughput comparing to the other protocols. The protocol could also reduce the packet loss and end - end delay.