ICTACT Journal on Communication Technology

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access
Open Access Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Restricted Access Subscription Access

Electromagnetic Radiation Exposure from Mobile Cell Phone Devices to its Vicinity- A Study


Affiliations
1 Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, India
2 Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, India
3 Department of Electrical Engineering, Bengal Institute of Polytechnic, India
4 Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, India
     

   Subscribe/Renew Journal


Cell phones use Electromagnetic non ionizing radiations in the microwave range, and emit radiation energy in the form of Electromagnetic radiation. The electromagnetic radiations have very adverse effects not only related to the human health issues causing various diseases, but it may also affect the performance of a device and degrade its performance. The current study was accepted with an endeavor to come across the Electromagnetic radiation exposure level from mobile cell phone to its vicinity in terms of power density and electric field. Three different cases have been considered. In the first case Android cell phone with hotspot active mode was considered, in the second case hotspot was kept in deactivate mode while in the third case ordinary cell phone was used for our study and analysis. It has been observed that the electromagnetic radiation exposure level in the third case (ordinary cell phone) was eventually much higher as compared to all other cases over the investigated region. The finding of our study also includes that for all the cases the EM exposure level complies with the guidelines and limits set by the International Commission on Nonionized Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) for the exposure of non-ionized radiation in the form of electromagnetic field, power density or Specific Absorption Rate (SAR).

Keywords

Electric Field, Electromagnetic Radiation, Mobile cell phone, Power Density, SAR
Subscription Login to verify subscription
User
Notifications
Font Size

  • A. Renke and M. Chavan, “An Investigation on Residential Exposure to Electromagnetic Field from Cellular Mobile Base Station Antennas”, Proceedings of International Conference on Computing, Communication and Security, pp. 1-5, 2015.

  • R. Chitranshi, R.K. Mehrotra and P. Pancoli, “Analysis of Cell Tower Radiation, RF Safety, and Practical Realisation of Compliance Distance”, International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Vol. 4, No. 4, pp. 1-14, 2014.

  • T.G. Coope, S.G. Allen, R.P. Blackwell, I. Litchfield, S.M. Mann, J.M. Pope and M.J. Van Tongeren, “Assessment of Occupational Exposure to Radiofrequency Fields and Radiation”, Radiation Protection Dosimetry, Vol. 111, No. 2, pp. 191-203, 2004.

  • L. Verloock, W. Joseph, F. Goeminne, L. Martens, M. Verlaek and K. Constand, “Assessment of Radio Frequency Exposures in Schools, Homes, and Public Places in Belgium”, Health Physics, Vol. 107, No. 6, pp. 503-513, 2014.

  • A. Manassas, A. Boursianis, T. Samaras and J.N. Sahalos, “Continuous Electromagnetic Radiation Monitoring in the Environment: Analysis of the Results in Greece”, Radiation Protection Dosimetry, Vol. 151, No. 3, pp. 437-442, 2012.

  • W. Joseph, P. Frei, M. Roosli, G. Thuroczy, P. Gajsek, T. Trcek, J. Bolte, G. Vermeeren, E. Mohler, P. Juhasz, V. Finta and L. Martens, “Comparison of Personal Radio Frequency Electromagnetic Field Exposure in Different Urban Areas Across Europe”, Environmental Research, Vol. 110, No. 7, pp. 658-663, 2010.

  • E. Hamiti, M. Ibrani, L. Ahma, V. Shala and R. Halili, “Comparative Analysis of Electromagnetic Field Exposure Levels and Determination of the Minimum Safe Distances from Mobile-Phone Base Stations in Urban Areas”, Progress in Electromagnetic Research M, Vol. 50, pp. 117-128, 2016.

  • D. Shahbazi Gahrouei, M. Karbalae, H.A. Moradi, and M. Baradaran Ghahfarokhi, “Health Effects of Living near Mobile Phone Base Transceiver Station (BTS) Antennae: A Report from Isfahan, Iran”, Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine, Vol. 33, No. 3, pp. 206-210, 2014.

  • O. Erogul, E. Oztas, I. Yildirim, T. Kir, E. Aydur, G. Komesli, H.C. Irkilata, M.K. Irmak and AF Peker, “Effects of Electromagnetic Radiation from a Cellular Phone on Human Sperm Motility: An In Vitro Study”, Archives of Medical Research, Vol. 37, No. 7, pp. 840-843, 2006.

  • W. Joseph, G. Vermeeren, L. Verloock and L. Martens, “Estimation of Whole-Body SAR From Electromagnetic Fields using Personal Exposure Meters”, Bioelectromagnetics, Vol. 31, No. 4, pp. 286-295, 2010.

  • W. Joseph and L. Martens, “Comparison of Safety Distances Based on the Electromagnetic Field and Based on the SAR For Occupational Exposure of a 900-mhz Base Station Antenna”, IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, Vol. 47, No. 4, pp. 977-985, 2005.

  • B.C. Kim, J.H. Yun and S.O. Park, “Uncertainty Estimation for Evaluating Human Exposure Levels to RF Electromagnetic Fields from Cellular Base Stations”, IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, Vol. 54, No. 2, pp. 246-253, 2012.

  • E. Conil, A. Hadjem, F. Lacroux, M.F. Wong and J. Wiart, “Variability Analysis of SAR from 20 MHz to 2.4 GHz for Different Adult and Child Models using Finite-Difference Time-Domain”, Physics in Medicine and Biology, Vol. 53, No. 6, pp. 1511-1525, 2008.

  • R. Stam, “Electromagnetic Fields and the Blood-Brain Barrier”, Brain Research Reviews, Vol. 65, No. 1, pp. 80-97, 2010.

  • D.J. Panagopoulos, E.D. Chavdoula and L.H. Margaritis, “Bioeffects of Mobile Telephony Radiation in Relation to its Intensity or Distance from the Antenna”, International Journal of Radiation Biology, Vol. 86, No. 5, pp. 345-357, 2010.

  • A.H. Frey, “Headaches from Cellular Telephones: are They Real and What Are the Implications?”, Environmental Health Perspectives, Vol. 106, No. 3, pp. 101-103, 1998.

  • A. Vaishali and V. Kumar, “Analysis of Non-Ionized Radiation Level Radiated from Base Trans-Receiver Station at Mobile Communication System (GSM 1800 MHz)”, Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Recent Advances and Innovations in Engineering, pp. 1-14, 2014.

  • A.Y. Citkaya and S.S. Seker, “FEM Modeling of SAR Distribution and Temperature Increase in Human Brain from RF Exposure”, International Journal of Communication Systems, Vol. 25, No. 11, pp. 1450-1464, 2012.


Abstract Views: 140

PDF Views: 1




  • Electromagnetic Radiation Exposure from Mobile Cell Phone Devices to its Vicinity- A Study

Abstract Views: 140  |  PDF Views: 1

Authors

Kousik Roy
Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, India
Pratik Dey
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, India
Jyotirmay Tewary
Department of Electrical Engineering, Bengal Institute of Polytechnic, India
Susanta Kumar Parui
Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, India

Abstract


Cell phones use Electromagnetic non ionizing radiations in the microwave range, and emit radiation energy in the form of Electromagnetic radiation. The electromagnetic radiations have very adverse effects not only related to the human health issues causing various diseases, but it may also affect the performance of a device and degrade its performance. The current study was accepted with an endeavor to come across the Electromagnetic radiation exposure level from mobile cell phone to its vicinity in terms of power density and electric field. Three different cases have been considered. In the first case Android cell phone with hotspot active mode was considered, in the second case hotspot was kept in deactivate mode while in the third case ordinary cell phone was used for our study and analysis. It has been observed that the electromagnetic radiation exposure level in the third case (ordinary cell phone) was eventually much higher as compared to all other cases over the investigated region. The finding of our study also includes that for all the cases the EM exposure level complies with the guidelines and limits set by the International Commission on Nonionized Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) for the exposure of non-ionized radiation in the form of electromagnetic field, power density or Specific Absorption Rate (SAR).

Keywords


Electric Field, Electromagnetic Radiation, Mobile cell phone, Power Density, SAR

References