International Journal of Innovative Research and Development

Abstract

Radio spectrum is scarce and invaluable telecommunication resource. Spectrum auction should determine spectrum price as consistent to its actual value. In order to ensure spectrum is efficiently assigned, spectrum is priced to reflect the value it can add to help promote economic and technical efficiency with users who have bid for it. Putting a price on spectrum not only ensures spectrum management efficiency, but can add revenue for the government which will in turn cover the cost of spectrum. This paper presents a radio spectrum valuation method and describes how to calculate reserve price of the spectrum. The contributions in this paper could assist telecom policy makers to gain more understanding in development of radio spectrum valuation.

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Abstract

Ship’s interior communication system is important to the operation of the ship. Improper communication among the different parts of the ship can cause the failure of a mission. Although, traditional ship’s internal communications provide reliable message delivery, there are some limitations of these methods. However, since the evolution of data communication has continuously developed, it is feasible to apply proper technology to improve the way the crew communicates to one another on board for enhancing the ability of communication system. This paper aims to provide an overview of Voice Over Internet Protocol technology focusing on Elastix, including related softwares. This paper also aims to suggest the direction of how to apply the low-cost but effective technology to existing devices such as mobile phones and notebooks for communication alternatives. 

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