International Journal of Medical and Dental Sciences

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access

Association between Psychological Distress and Occlusion among Temporomandibular Disorder Patients-A Clinical Study


Affiliations
1 Department of Oral medicine and Radiology, The Oxford Dental College Banglore, India
 

Background:TMD is a multifactorial disorder significant research efforts have been invested in finding its etiologies and management to improve their quality of life.

Objectives: To evaluate and compare digital occlusal parameters, depression, anxiety and serum cortisol level between temporomandibular disorder patients and control group.

Material and Methods: A sample size of 24 TMD patients and 24 apparently healthy age and sex matched controls were recruited in the study. The patients occlusion time and disclusion time was recorded using T-Scan III, the level of anxiety and depression was evaluated by using Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale questtionaire and serum cortisol was evaluated by collecting fasting blood sample, under aseptic conditions.

Results: The incidence of premature contacts (occlusal interferences), clusion time and disclusion time was significantly longer in TMD group than in control subjects. The anxiety and depression scores were statistically significant in TMD group compared to control group, but no statistically significant difference was observed in serum cortisol levels.

Conclusion: The present study demonstrated increase in the premature contacts i.e occlusal interferences were high with increase in clusion time, disclusion time, anxiety and depression scores in TMD group, where as no significant increase in serum cortisol levels was seen among TMD group even though their anxiety and depression levels were high. Hence, patients with temporomandibular disorders should always be evaluated for stress and anxiety along with the T- Scan evaluation of occlusal prematurities and correction of the same.


Keywords

TMD, HADS, T-Scan III, Serum Cortisol.
User
Notifications
Font Size


  • McNeill C. Management of temporomandibular disorders. Concepts and controversies. J Prosthet Dent 1997;77:510-22.

  • Greenberg MS, Glick M, Ship JA. Burket's oral medicine. 11th ed. New Delhi: CBS Publishers and Distributers Pvt Ltd; 2012.p.223-56.

  • Modi P, Shaikh SS, Munde A. A Cross Sectional Study of Prevalence of Temporoandibular Disorders in University Students. Int J of Scien and Res 2012;2:1-3.

  • Okeson JP. Management of temporomandibular disorders and occlusion. 6th ed. Mosby: Elsevier's Health Sciences; 2008.p.4- 631.

  • Pankhurt CL. Controversies in the aetiology of temporomandibular disorders. Part-I. Temporomandibular disorders review. J Prim Dent Care 1997;79:510-22.

  • Thilander B, Rubio G, Pena L, DC Mayorga. Prevalence of temporomandibular disorders and its association with malocclusion in children and adolscents. An epidemological study related to specific stages of dental development. J Angle Orthod 2002;72:148-54.

  • Roda RP, Began JV, Fernandez JMD, Bazan SH, Soriano YJ. Review of temporomandibular joint pathology. Part I: Classification, epidemiology and risk factors. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2007;12:292-8.

  • Fricton J. Myogenous Temporomandibular Disorders. Diagnostic and Management Considerations. Dent Clin N Am 2007;51:61-83.

  • Rollman GB, Joanne M, Gillespie. The Role of Psychosocial Factors in Temporomandibular Disorders. Curr Rev of Pain 2000;4:71-81.

  • M Berger, JO Listopad, M Marczak, J Szymanska. Psychological aspects of temporomandibular disorders - literature review. Curr Issues Pharm Med Sci 2007;28(1):55-9.

  • D Buljan. Psychological and psychiatric factors of temporomandibular disorders. J Med Sci 2010;34:119-33.

  • Dworkin SF, LeResche L. Research diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders: review, criteria, examinations and specifications, critique. J Craniomand Dis Facial Oral Pain 1992;6:301-55.

  • Motta LJ, Fernandes KPS, Ferraril RAM, Gonzalez DAB, Bussadori SK. Temporomandibular dysfunction and cervical posture and occlusion in adolescents. Braz J Oral Sci 2012;11(3):401-5.

  • Bhat S. Etiology of temporomandibular disorders: the journey so far. J Int Dent SA 2006;12:88-92.

  • Quader S, Kerstein R, Kim RJ, Huh JB, Shin SW. Relationship between articulation paper mark size and percentage of force measured with comuterized analysis. J Adv Prosthodont 2012;4(1):48-53.

  • A Sharma, G R Rahul, Poduval S, K Shetty, B Guptha, V Rajora. History of material used for recording static and dynamic occlusal contact marks. A literature review. J Clin Exp Dent 2013;5 (11):48-53.

  • Harlur SB, Digital evaluation of functional occlusion parameters and their association with temporomandibular disorders. J clin diagn res 2013;(8):1772-5.

  • Pyakurel U, Long H, Jian F, Sun J, Jha H, Lai W. Mechanism, accuracy and application of T-Scan system in dentistry-A review. J of Nep Dent Assoc 2013;3:1-5.

  • Edward F, Wright, Sarah L. Management and Treatment of Temporomandibular disorders, a clinical perspective. J of Man and Mani Therap 2009;17:247-54.

  • Wang C, Yin X Nanjing. Occlusal risk factors associated with temporomandibular disorders in young adults with normal occlusions. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2012;114:419-23.

  • Wang MQ, Xue F, He JJ, Chen JH, Chen CS, Raustia A. Missing posterior teeth and risk of temporomandibular disorders. J Dent Res 2009;88(10):942-5.

  • Kerstein RB. Reducing chronic masseter and temporalis muscular hyperactivity with computer-guided occlusal adjustments. Compend Contin Educ Dent 2010;31:530-4.

  • Zigmond AS, Snaith RP. The hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1983;67:361-70.

  • Bonjardim LR, Gaviao MB, Pereira LJ, Castelo PM. Anxiety and depression adolescence and their relationship with signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders. Int J of prosthodont 2005;18(4):347-52.

  • Vedhera K, Mile J, Bennet P, Plummer S, Tallon D, Brooks E, et al. An investigation into the relationship between salivary cortisol, stress, anxiety and depression. Biol Psychol 2003;62:89-96.

  • Almeida CD, Paludo A, Neto JS, Amenbar JM. Saliva cortisol levels and depression in individuals with temporomandibular disorder: prelimnary study. Rev Dor Sao Paulo 2014;3:169-72.


Abstract Views: 247

PDF Views: 123




  • Association between Psychological Distress and Occlusion among Temporomandibular Disorder Patients-A Clinical Study

Abstract Views: 247  |  PDF Views: 123

Authors

S. Lakshmi
Department of Oral medicine and Radiology, The Oxford Dental College Banglore, India
S. Dyasanoor
Department of Oral medicine and Radiology, The Oxford Dental College Banglore, India

Abstract


Background:TMD is a multifactorial disorder significant research efforts have been invested in finding its etiologies and management to improve their quality of life.

Objectives: To evaluate and compare digital occlusal parameters, depression, anxiety and serum cortisol level between temporomandibular disorder patients and control group.

Material and Methods: A sample size of 24 TMD patients and 24 apparently healthy age and sex matched controls were recruited in the study. The patients occlusion time and disclusion time was recorded using T-Scan III, the level of anxiety and depression was evaluated by using Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale questtionaire and serum cortisol was evaluated by collecting fasting blood sample, under aseptic conditions.

Results: The incidence of premature contacts (occlusal interferences), clusion time and disclusion time was significantly longer in TMD group than in control subjects. The anxiety and depression scores were statistically significant in TMD group compared to control group, but no statistically significant difference was observed in serum cortisol levels.

Conclusion: The present study demonstrated increase in the premature contacts i.e occlusal interferences were high with increase in clusion time, disclusion time, anxiety and depression scores in TMD group, where as no significant increase in serum cortisol levels was seen among TMD group even though their anxiety and depression levels were high. Hence, patients with temporomandibular disorders should always be evaluated for stress and anxiety along with the T- Scan evaluation of occlusal prematurities and correction of the same.


Keywords


TMD, HADS, T-Scan III, Serum Cortisol.

References





DOI: https://doi.org/10.18311/ijmds%2F2016%2F100608