Open Access
Subscription Access
Prevalence of Weak D (Du) in Blood Donors in a Referral Teaching Hospital
Background: Rh D is the most important Blood Group antigen after ABO Blood group antigen for transfusion purpose. All negative blood units by routine methods must be tested to detect weak D using IAT method. When the test for D and Du is positive, the label should read Rh(D) Positive . When the test for D and Du is negative, the label should read Rh(D) Negative.
Objective: To know the prevalence of weak D in the donor population. No study has been done in this part of the country earlier. It will help in the knowledge of weak D, which is very important for better patient care and prevent allo-immunzation in blood recipients.
Materials and Methods: Blood samples were tested by ID Gel technique or by tube method with two anti D reagents - anti-D IgM monoclonal and blend of anti-D IgM&IgG. All negative samples were further tested for weak D in IAT phase by LISS/Coombs' gel card.
Results: A total of 13043 samples were tested from January 2011 to December 2013. 12196 were Rh positive and 847 were Rh D negative. Weak D was positive in 8 samples.
Conclusion: The study shows the prevalence of weak D as 0.07% in blood donors who were primarily from in and around Jalandhar in Punjab. These donors may have posed problem to the recipients of blood and blood product and their detection prevented them from alloimunisation.
Keywords
- Standards for Blood banks & Blood Transfusion Services, NACO, MoHFW, GOI, New Delhi. 2007;30:D-2.0.
- Makroo RN. Compendium of Transfusion Medicine. New Delhi: Kongposh Publications; 2009.p.68-9.
- AABB: Technical Manual of the American Association of Blood Banks. 13 ed. 1999.p.150-151,307-312,657-658.
- Blaney KD, Howard PR. Basics & Applied Concepts of Blood Banking & Transfusion Practices. 3rd ed. St Louis: Elsevier Mosby; 2013.p.107-20.
- Rachael F Grace, Samuel E Lux. Disorders of the Red Cell Membrane. In: Orkin SH, Nathan DG, Ginsberg G, Look AT, Lux SE, editors. Nathan and Oski’s Haematology of Infancy and Childhood. 7th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders Elsevier; 2009.p.682-3.
- Race RR, Sanger Ruth. Blood Groups in Man. 6th ed. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publication;1975.p.1,8-9,178.
- Mourant A, Kojec A, Domaniewska, Sobczak K. Distribution of Human Blood Groups and other Polymorphism. 2nd ed. London: Oxford University Press; 1976.p.70.
- Flagel WA. How I manage Donors and patients with weak D phenotype. In: Victor Hoffbrand, Daniel Catovsky, Edward GD, Tuddenham, editors. Post Graduate Haematology. 5th ed. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing; 2008.p.70.
- Dacie John V. The Laboratory aspects of Blood transfusion, Practical Haematology. 6th ed. London: Churchill livingstone; 1984.p.362-5.
- Kumar H, Mishra DK, Sarkar RS, Jaiprakash M. Difficulties in Immunohaematology: The weak D Antigen. MJAFI 2005;61(4):348-50.
- Makroo RN, Raina V, Chowdhary M, Bhatia A, Gupta R, Rosamma NL. Weak D prevalence among Indian Blood Donors. AJTS 2010;4(2):137-9.
- Agarwal N, Chandola I, Agarwal A. Prevalence of weak D in northern hilly areas of Uttarakhand, India. AJTS 2013;7(1):90-1.
- Das S, Kumar H. The Rh Enigma Prospects and Pitfalls. International Journal of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences 2013; 3(1):210-4.
- Kotwal U, Raina TR, Sidhu M, Dogra M. Distribution of ABO & Rh (D) Blood Groups Among Blood Donors of Jammu Region with Respect to Various Ethnic Groups. Journal of Medical Thesis 2014;2(1):31-4.
- Sadaria T, Goswami HM, Patel S, Patel K, Bhatnagar N, Gajjar MD. Prevalence of Weak D Antigen in Western Indian Population. BJ Kines-NJBAS ;7(2)2015:1-5.
- Krishna Deepthi G, Sreedhar Babu KV, Arun R, Jothibai DS. A Study on Rh Incompatibility and frequency of weak D among blood donors and patients in a tertiary care referral teaching hospital in Tirupati. J Clin Sci Res 2015;4:281-4.
Abstract Views: 278
PDF Views: 200