The Indian Practitioner

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access
Open Access Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Restricted Access Subscription Access

Comparison of the in vitro Sensitivity of Respiratory Pathogens to Roxithromycin, Amoxicillin and Amoxicillin + Clavulanic Acid


Affiliations
1 Alembic Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Andheri (E), Mumbai - 400099, India
2 Clinical Medicine Infomatics (India) Pvt. Ltd., Thane (W), Maharashtra - 400604, India
     

   Subscribe/Renew Journal


In India the information on trends of respiratory pathogens and their susceptibility to antibiotics used are lacking. Physicians resort to empiric therapy with antibiotics which has resulted in the emergence of antimicrobial resistance among the principal pathogens.

This study was conducted to compare the resistance patterns among the common respiratory pathogens: S.pneumoniae, S.aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Hemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis to roxithromycin, amoxicillin and amoxicillin + clavulanic acid.

Materials and Methods: Samples of sputum were collected from 50 patients with pneumonia and bronchitis who were admitted to tertiary care hospital in a metro city in West India and from patients who presented with respiratory tract infections to the O.P.D.

The Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method was used to evaluate the susceptibility of the isolated pathogens to the antibiotics.

Results: Roxithromycin demonstrated a significantly higher sensitivity to isolated organisms compared to amoxicillin. Roxithromycin was found to be sensitive for isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae, even when 3 samples were resistant to amoxicillin and 1 sample was resistant to amoxicillin + clavulanic acid.

Conclusion: Roxithromycin can be a good alternative option for the management of upper and lower respiratory tract infections in the community.


Subscription Login to verify subscription
User
Notifications
Font Size


  • Vijay S. Dalela G. Prevalence of LRTI in Patients Presenting with Productive Cough and Their Antibiotic Resistance Pattern. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research. 2016 Jan, Vol-10(1): DC09-DC12.

  • C. Manikandan, A. Amsath. Antibiotic Susceptibility Of Bacterial Strains Isolated From Patients With Respiratory Tract Infections, International Journal Of Pure And Applied Zoology 2013 January-March Volume 1, Issue 1 61-69.

  • Donde S, Mishra A, Kochhar P. Azithromycin in Acute Bacterial Upper Respiratory Tract Infections: An Indian Non-Interventional Study. Indian J Otolaryngol, Head Neck Surg (January 2014) 66(Suppl 1):S225–S230.

  • M. El-Mahmood, H. Isa, A. Mohammed, A. B. Tirmidhi. Antimicrobial susceptibility of some respiratory tract pathogens to commonly used antibiotics at the Specialist Hospital, Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria. Journal of Clinical Medicine and Research Vol. 2(8), pp. 135-142, August 2010.

  • S KI, Chandy SJ, Jeyaseelan L, Kumar R, Suresh S. Antimicrobial prescription patterns for common acute infections in some rural & urban health facilities of India. Indian J Med Res. 2008 Aug; 128(2):165-71.

  • Kotwani A, Holloway K. Antibiotic prescribing practice for acute, uncomplicated respiratory tract infections in primary care settings in New Delhi, India. Tropical Medicine and International Health July 2014. volume 19 no 7 pp 761–768.

  • Revathy Saravanan, Vinod Raveendaran. Antimicrobial resistance pattern in a tertiary care hospital: An observational study. Journal of Basic and Clinical Pharmacy. Vol. 4 Issue 3 June-August 2013.

  • Bernie E, Butler CC, Jenkins-Jones S, de Voogd H, Ouwens M, Morgan CL, Currie CJ Comparative estimated effectiveness of antibiotic classes as initial and secondary treatments of respiratory tract infections: longitudinal analysis of routine data from UK primary care 1991-2012. Curr Med Res Opin. 2016 Jun;32(6):1023-32.

  • Woodhead, M Verheij, T. Commentary: A step forward in everyday management of adults with community. BMJ. 2005; 330: 460.

  • Vishak K, Acharya et al., Community Acquired Pneumonia Microbial Profile, Drug Sensitivity Pattern among Sputum Culture Positive Patients. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research. 2014 Jun, Vol-8(6): MC04-MC06.

  • Song JH et al Epidemiology and clinical outcomes of community acquired pneumonia in adult patients in Asian countries: a prospective study by the Asian network for surveillance of resistant pathogens. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2008 Feb;31(2):107-14.

  • E. Chatzimanolis, N. Marsan, D. Lefatzis and A. Pavlopoulos. Comparison of roxithromycin with co-amoxiclav in patients with Sinusitis. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (1998) 41, Suppl. B, 81–84.

  • Baturin VA, Shchetinin EV2, Malykhin FT. Regional specifics of microbial landscape in outpatients with lower respiratory tract infections. Int J Risk Saf Med. 2015;27 Suppl1:S61-2.

  • S.-F. Hsu et al. Antimicrobial resistance of Moraxella catarrhalis isolates in Taiwan. Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection (2012) 45, 134e140.

  • C. Deepa Latha, Nagaveni, G. Vijayalakshmi. EfficacyChronic Infections. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research. 2011. Vol 4, Suppl 2.

  • C. R. Salvarezzaa, H. Mingroneb, H. Fachinellic and S. Kijanczukd. Comparison of roxithromycin with cefixime in the treatment of adults with community-acquired pneumonia. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (1998) 41, Suppl. B, 75–80.

  • Cervin A, Wallwork B. Macrolide therapy of chronic rhinosinusitis. Rhinology. 2007 Dec;45(4):259-67.

  • Labro, Marie-Therese Cellular and Molecular Effects of Macrolides on Leukocyte Function. Current Pharmaceutical Design, October 2004 Volume 10, Number 25, pp. 3067-3080 (14).

  • Kawashima M, Yatsunami J, Fukuno Y, Nagata M, Tominaga M, Hayashi S. Inhibitory effects of 14-membered ring macrolide antibiotics on bleomycin-induced acute lung injury. Lung. 2002; 180(2):73-89.

  • Bruce C. Cooper, P. R. Mullins, M. R. Jones, S. D. R. Lang Clinical Efficacy of Roxithromycin in the Treatment of Adults with Upper and Lower Respiratory Tract Infection Due to Haemophilus influenzae Drug Investigation 1994 June 7(6).

  • Diagnosis and ambulatory treatment of patients with community acquired pneumonia: variability of complementary tests and study of the effectiveness of roxithromycin. Study Group on Ambulatory Treatment of Community-Acquired Pneumonia (NACTA) Rev Clin Esp. 1999 Nov;199(11):7004.

  • Mira E, Benazzo M. A multicenter study on the clinical efficacy and safety of roxithromycin in the treatment of ear-nose-throat infections: comparison with amoxycillin/ clavulanic acid. J Chemother. 2001 Dec; 13(6):621-7.


Abstract Views: 267

PDF Views: 1




  • Comparison of the in vitro Sensitivity of Respiratory Pathogens to Roxithromycin, Amoxicillin and Amoxicillin + Clavulanic Acid

Abstract Views: 267  |  PDF Views: 1

Authors

A. Shirsat
Alembic Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Andheri (E), Mumbai - 400099, India
D. A. Khandke
Alembic Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Andheri (E), Mumbai - 400099, India
A. Patankar
Clinical Medicine Infomatics (India) Pvt. Ltd., Thane (W), Maharashtra - 400604, India

Abstract


In India the information on trends of respiratory pathogens and their susceptibility to antibiotics used are lacking. Physicians resort to empiric therapy with antibiotics which has resulted in the emergence of antimicrobial resistance among the principal pathogens.

This study was conducted to compare the resistance patterns among the common respiratory pathogens: S.pneumoniae, S.aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Hemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis to roxithromycin, amoxicillin and amoxicillin + clavulanic acid.

Materials and Methods: Samples of sputum were collected from 50 patients with pneumonia and bronchitis who were admitted to tertiary care hospital in a metro city in West India and from patients who presented with respiratory tract infections to the O.P.D.

The Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method was used to evaluate the susceptibility of the isolated pathogens to the antibiotics.

Results: Roxithromycin demonstrated a significantly higher sensitivity to isolated organisms compared to amoxicillin. Roxithromycin was found to be sensitive for isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae, even when 3 samples were resistant to amoxicillin and 1 sample was resistant to amoxicillin + clavulanic acid.

Conclusion: Roxithromycin can be a good alternative option for the management of upper and lower respiratory tract infections in the community.


References