The Indian Practitioner

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Clinical Profile and Prevalence of Complications in Newly Detected Type 2 Diabetics


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1 Department of Medicine, SSMC & SGMH Rewa (MP), India
     

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Background: Prevalence of diabetes is rapidly rising all over globe at an alarming rate. It proceeds un-noticed silently ravaging the body. Although complications of diabetes do not occur at the onset of disease but due to delay in diagnosis, they are commonly present at the time of diagnosis.

Objective: We sought to determine the clinical profile and prevalence of complications in newly detected type 2 diabetics.

Methods: The study was conducted in the wards and patients admitted from medicine OPD at SGM hospital Rewa between January 2010 and September 2011. Patients were diagnosed as type 2 diabetic if they fulfilled ADA 2010 Criteria and were thoroughly evaluated for detection of various complications.

Results: We diagnosed 150 patients as type 2 diabetic, 60% were male, 40% were females, 56.67% were in the age group 31 - 50 years with mean age of 48.25 ± 13.08 years. 58.66% had normal BMI, 43.33% had family history, classical symptoms of diabetes were present in 42% of cases. Mean HbA1C was 9.9 ± 2.7%. Complications were neuropathy (25.33%), nephropathy (17.34%), coronary artery disease (13.33%), retinopathy (12.67%), peripheral arterial disease (10%), cataract (7.33%), diabetic ketoacidosis (7.33%), diabetic foot (6%), stroke (3.33%). The prevalence of other conditions, e.g. infections (50.67%), hypercholesterolaemia (18.67%), low serum HDL (41.11% males&60% females), hypertension (40.67%), hypertriglyceridaemia (36.67%), diastolic dysfunction (28.67%), high serum LDL (27.33%) was also high.

Conclusion: A large number of patients with newly detected diabetes had already had serious complications like nephropathy, coronary artery disease, diabetic ketoacidosis, diabetic foot and stroke. Asymptomatic diabetes mellitus constituted very small percentage i.e. 4.67%. Thus efforts should be made to increase awareness about symptoms and likelihood of diabetes in high risk groups. A thorough screening programme at National level for early detection of diabetes is needed so that complications can be avoided or postponed.


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  • Clinical Profile and Prevalence of Complications in Newly Detected Type 2 Diabetics

Abstract Views: 291  |  PDF Views: 0

Authors

S. Gupta
Department of Medicine, SSMC & SGMH Rewa (MP), India
A. Chaurasia
Department of Medicine, SSMC & SGMH Rewa (MP), India
S. Ramteke
Department of Medicine, SSMC & SGMH Rewa (MP), India
M. K. Jain
Department of Medicine, SSMC & SGMH Rewa (MP), India

Abstract


Background: Prevalence of diabetes is rapidly rising all over globe at an alarming rate. It proceeds un-noticed silently ravaging the body. Although complications of diabetes do not occur at the onset of disease but due to delay in diagnosis, they are commonly present at the time of diagnosis.

Objective: We sought to determine the clinical profile and prevalence of complications in newly detected type 2 diabetics.

Methods: The study was conducted in the wards and patients admitted from medicine OPD at SGM hospital Rewa between January 2010 and September 2011. Patients were diagnosed as type 2 diabetic if they fulfilled ADA 2010 Criteria and were thoroughly evaluated for detection of various complications.

Results: We diagnosed 150 patients as type 2 diabetic, 60% were male, 40% were females, 56.67% were in the age group 31 - 50 years with mean age of 48.25 ± 13.08 years. 58.66% had normal BMI, 43.33% had family history, classical symptoms of diabetes were present in 42% of cases. Mean HbA1C was 9.9 ± 2.7%. Complications were neuropathy (25.33%), nephropathy (17.34%), coronary artery disease (13.33%), retinopathy (12.67%), peripheral arterial disease (10%), cataract (7.33%), diabetic ketoacidosis (7.33%), diabetic foot (6%), stroke (3.33%). The prevalence of other conditions, e.g. infections (50.67%), hypercholesterolaemia (18.67%), low serum HDL (41.11% males&60% females), hypertension (40.67%), hypertriglyceridaemia (36.67%), diastolic dysfunction (28.67%), high serum LDL (27.33%) was also high.

Conclusion: A large number of patients with newly detected diabetes had already had serious complications like nephropathy, coronary artery disease, diabetic ketoacidosis, diabetic foot and stroke. Asymptomatic diabetes mellitus constituted very small percentage i.e. 4.67%. Thus efforts should be made to increase awareness about symptoms and likelihood of diabetes in high risk groups. A thorough screening programme at National level for early detection of diabetes is needed so that complications can be avoided or postponed.