Bacterial Endotoxin and Septic Infection

The sequence of reactions mediated by endotoxin (LPS) leading to the production of sepsis involves Ca²⁺ and oxygen radicals. Regulation of Ca²⁺ alteration has been demonstrated earlier in septic condition. Reactive oxygen species specially hydroxyl radical plays an important role in the production of endotoxin related septic infection. Inactivation of these agents (both Ca²⁺ and oxygen radicals) by Ca²⁺ channel blocker or antioxidants may be helpful for protecting sepsis mediated derangements, but the application of these agents as drugs in humans has not been fully successful. Polyphenols, especially the catechin group of compounds, are important therapeutic agents, which may be used for the treatment of endotoxemia or sepsis.