International Journal of Agricultural Engineering

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access
Open Access Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Restricted Access Subscription Access

Effect of Wastewater Irrigation with Zinc Application on Okra Crop


Affiliations
1 Department of Soil and Water Engineering, Rajendra Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur (Bihar), India
     

   Subscribe/Renew Journal


An investigation was carried out to evaluate the effect of wastewater irrigation and zinc combination on growth and yield of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus). The pot experiment was conducted for okra crop var. INDAM-9821 duringKharif season of the year 2011. The experiment was designed as per Factorial Completely Randomized Design (FCRD) with four irrigation treatments, four zinc treatments and three replications. The irrigation treatments consisted of all fresh water irrigation, two fresh and one sewage water irrigation, alternate fresh and sewage water irrigation and all sewage water irrigation. The zinc treatments consisted of application of Zn @ 0.0, 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 kg Zn/ha. The study revealed that alternate irrigation with fresh water and wastewater along with the application of Zn @ 5.0 kg/ha resulted in better crop growth, early flowering and highest yield of okra. The maximum concentration of Zn (51.50 mg/kg), Mn (37.84 mg/kg) were found in fruits under treatment alternate irrigation with application of Zn @ 5.0 kg/ha. The concentration of Fe in okra fruits maximum (871.67 mg/kg) in treatment all waste water irrigation with no application of zinc. Similarly, regarding the plant residue (dry matter) the highest concentrations of Zn (88.54 mg/kg), Mn (59.56 mg/kg) were also seen for treatment alternate irrigation with application of Zn @ 5.0 kg/ha, while maximum concentration of Fe (1531.34 mg/kg) was showed in alternate irrigation with no application of Zn.

Keywords

Okra, Wastewater, Irrigation, Zinc.
Subscription Login to verify subscription
User
Notifications
Font Size


  • Anonymous (2011). Annual progress report, All India Coordinated Research Project on Ground Water Utilization, Pusa-Centre. pp. 71-74.

  • Blake, G.R. and Hartge, K.H. (1986). Bulk density. In: Klute, A., Ed., Methods of doil snalysis, Part 1—Physical and mineralogical methods, 2nd Ed., Agronomy Monograph 9, American Society of Agronomy, Soil Science Society of America, Madison, 363-382pp.

  • Cheng and Bray (1951). Determination of calcium and magnesium in soil and plant material, Soil Sci., 72 (6):449-458.

  • Hussain, I., Raschid, L., Hanjra, M. A., Marikar, F. and Van der Hoek, W. (2001). A framework for analyzing socio-economic, health and environmental impacts of wastewater use in agriculture in developing countries. Working Paper 26. Colombo, Sri Lanka., International Water Management Institute (IWMI).

  • Jackson, M.L. (1973). Soil chemical analysis. Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi, India, 41-330.

  • Katyal, J.C. and Rattan, R.K. (1991). Distribution of zinc in Indian soils. Fertiliser News, 38 (3): 15-26.

  • Piper, C.S. (1950). Soil and plant analysis, The University of Adelaide Press, Adelaide, Australia, 368pp.

  • Ranwa, R.S. (1999). Wastewater utilization in agriculture: potentials and problems. Agric. Rev. Karnal, 20(2): 93-102.

  • Ratan, R. K. and Sharma, P. D. (2004). Main micronutrients available and their method of use. Proceeding IFA international symposium on micro nutrients. pp. 1-10.

  • Sakal, R. (2001). Efficient management of micronutrients for sustainable crop production. J. Indian Soc. Soil Sci., 49: 593-608.

  • Scott, C.A., Faruqui, N.I. and Raschid-Sally, L. (2004). Wastewater use in irrigated agriculture: management challenges in developing countries, pp. 1-10. In: Scott, C. A.,Faruqui, N. I. and Raschid-Sally, L. (Eds): Wastewater use in irrigated agriculture: Confronting the livelihood and environmental realities, Cabi Publishing, Wallingford, UK.

  • Takkar, P.N. and Randhawa, N.S. (1980). Zinc deficiency in Indian soils and plants. Seminar on zinc wastes and their utilization, 15-16 Oct. organised by Indian Lead Zinc information centre and the Fertiliser Association of India, New Delhi, India.


Abstract Views: 301

PDF Views: 0




  • Effect of Wastewater Irrigation with Zinc Application on Okra Crop

Abstract Views: 301  |  PDF Views: 0

Authors

Govind Kumar Maurya
Department of Soil and Water Engineering, Rajendra Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur (Bihar), India

Abstract


An investigation was carried out to evaluate the effect of wastewater irrigation and zinc combination on growth and yield of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus). The pot experiment was conducted for okra crop var. INDAM-9821 duringKharif season of the year 2011. The experiment was designed as per Factorial Completely Randomized Design (FCRD) with four irrigation treatments, four zinc treatments and three replications. The irrigation treatments consisted of all fresh water irrigation, two fresh and one sewage water irrigation, alternate fresh and sewage water irrigation and all sewage water irrigation. The zinc treatments consisted of application of Zn @ 0.0, 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 kg Zn/ha. The study revealed that alternate irrigation with fresh water and wastewater along with the application of Zn @ 5.0 kg/ha resulted in better crop growth, early flowering and highest yield of okra. The maximum concentration of Zn (51.50 mg/kg), Mn (37.84 mg/kg) were found in fruits under treatment alternate irrigation with application of Zn @ 5.0 kg/ha. The concentration of Fe in okra fruits maximum (871.67 mg/kg) in treatment all waste water irrigation with no application of zinc. Similarly, regarding the plant residue (dry matter) the highest concentrations of Zn (88.54 mg/kg), Mn (59.56 mg/kg) were also seen for treatment alternate irrigation with application of Zn @ 5.0 kg/ha, while maximum concentration of Fe (1531.34 mg/kg) was showed in alternate irrigation with no application of Zn.

Keywords


Okra, Wastewater, Irrigation, Zinc.

References