International Journal of Agricultural Engineering

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access
Open Access Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Restricted Access Subscription Access

Energy use Pattern of Rice Production in Western Agro-Climatic Zone of Haryana


Affiliations
1 Department of Renewable and Bio-Energy Engineering, C.C.S. Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar (Haryana), India
     

   Subscribe/Renew Journal


Paddy covers approximately 40-45 per cent of the total area covered by cereal crops in India. Rice production needs to be augmented to meet the growing demand. Rice crop cultivated under watery condition either by storing canal water or pumping water or both, by utilizing a lot of electric/diesel energy especially when pumping is carried out. The amount of rice production is a direct function of energy inputs and outputs. The aim of this study was to examine the operation-wise and source-wise energy consumption pattern in rice crop production in western agro-climatic zone of Haryana. The data were collected through a questionnaire by face to face interviews. The amount of energy consumed in seedlings, land development, land preparation, transplanting, irrigation, weeding, fertilizer, harvesting and threshing and transportation were calculated for rice crop cultivation. The energy inputs in seed, human, diesel, electricity, machinery and fertilizer were taken into consideration to determine the source wise energy that was used in rice production. The average energy input of small farmers (SF), marginal farmers (MF) and large farmers (LF) was observed to be 28,238.83, 28,419.00 and 32,051.57 MJ/ha, respectively while output energy was 1,17,475, 1,22,915 and 1,24,900 MJ/ha respectively. Specific energy of large, medium and small category framers were 7.12, 6.48, and 6.44 MJ/ha, respectively. The result revealed that fertilizer, irrigation and electricity consumed the bulk of energy. The result also showed that energy ratio, energy productivity and net energy gain of all category farmers were lie between 3.89 to 4.26, 6.64 to 7.12 kg/MJ and 89236.17 to 94073.10 MJ/ha, respectively. Yield rice grain of large, medium and small category framers were 4500, 4450 and 4250 kg/ha, respectively.

Keywords

Rice, Energy Input, Energy Output, Specific Energy.
Subscription Login to verify subscription
User
Notifications
Font Size


  • Bockari-Gevao, S. M., Wam Ishak, W. I., Azmin, Y. and Chan, C. W. (2005). Analysis of energy consumption in low land rice-based cropping system of Malaysia. Songklanakarin J. Sci. & Technol., 27(4): 819-826.

  • Canakci, M., Topakci, M., Akinci, I. and Ozmerzi, A. (2005). Energy use pattern of some field crops and vegetable production: Case study for Antalya Region, Turkey. Energy Conversion & Mgmt., 46 : 655-666.

  • Chaudhary, V.P., Gangwer, B. and Pandey, D. K. (2006). Auditing of energy use and output of difference cropping systems in India. Agricultural Engineering International: The CIGR e-journal, ManuscriptbEE05 001, 87.

  • Deshmukh, S.C. and Patil, V.A. (2013). Energy conservation and audit. Internat. J.Scient. & Res. Public., 3(8): 2250-3153.

  • Faidley, L. W. (1992). Energy and agriculture. In: R.C. Fluck (Ed), Energy in farm production, Elsevier, Amsterdam: 1-12.

  • Khambalker, V., Pohare, J., Katkhede, S., Bunde, D. and dahatonde, S. (2010). Energy and economic evaluation of farm operations in crop production. J. Agric. Sci., 2(4) : 191-200.

  • Khan, M.A. and Singh, G. (1997). Energy inputs and potential for agricultural production in western Pakistan. Agricultural Systems, 54(3): 341-356.

  • Khan, M.A., Ahmad, S., Hussain, Z., Yasin, M., Aslam, M. and Majid, R. (2004). Efficiency of water and energy use for production of organic wheat. J. Sci. Technol. & Develop., 24(1): 25-29.

  • Kizilashan, H. (2009). Input-output analysis of cherries production in Tokat province of Turkey. Appl.Energy, 86 : 1354-1358.

  • Mandal, K.G., Saha, K.P., Ghosh, P.K. and Hati, K.M. (2002). Bandyopadhyay, Bioenergy and Economic analysis of soybean-based crop production system in central India. Biomass & Bio-energy, 23: 337-345.

  • Mittal, V. K., Mittal, J. P. and Dhawan, K. C. (1985).Research digest on energy requirements in agricultural sector. College of Agricultural Engineering, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana (Punjab) India.

  • Singh, G. (2002). Energy conservation through efficient mechanized farming, Agric. Engg. Today’s, 24(2) : 351-536.

  • Singh, K., Kumar, V., Saharawat, Y. S., Gathala, M. and Ladha, J.K. (2013). Weedy rice: An emerging threat for DSR production systems in India. J. Rice Res., 1: 106.

  • WEBLOGRAPHY

  • Anonymous (2017) Accessed from agricoop.nic.in. Department of Agriculture Cooperation and Farmer Welfare.


Abstract Views: 286

PDF Views: 0




  • Energy use Pattern of Rice Production in Western Agro-Climatic Zone of Haryana

Abstract Views: 286  |  PDF Views: 0

Authors

Kanishk Verma
Department of Renewable and Bio-Energy Engineering, C.C.S. Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar (Haryana), India
Parmod Sharma
Department of Renewable and Bio-Energy Engineering, C.C.S. Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar (Haryana), India
Yadvika
Department of Renewable and Bio-Energy Engineering, C.C.S. Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar (Haryana), India
Y. K. Yadav
Department of Renewable and Bio-Energy Engineering, C.C.S. Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar (Haryana), India

Abstract


Paddy covers approximately 40-45 per cent of the total area covered by cereal crops in India. Rice production needs to be augmented to meet the growing demand. Rice crop cultivated under watery condition either by storing canal water or pumping water or both, by utilizing a lot of electric/diesel energy especially when pumping is carried out. The amount of rice production is a direct function of energy inputs and outputs. The aim of this study was to examine the operation-wise and source-wise energy consumption pattern in rice crop production in western agro-climatic zone of Haryana. The data were collected through a questionnaire by face to face interviews. The amount of energy consumed in seedlings, land development, land preparation, transplanting, irrigation, weeding, fertilizer, harvesting and threshing and transportation were calculated for rice crop cultivation. The energy inputs in seed, human, diesel, electricity, machinery and fertilizer were taken into consideration to determine the source wise energy that was used in rice production. The average energy input of small farmers (SF), marginal farmers (MF) and large farmers (LF) was observed to be 28,238.83, 28,419.00 and 32,051.57 MJ/ha, respectively while output energy was 1,17,475, 1,22,915 and 1,24,900 MJ/ha respectively. Specific energy of large, medium and small category framers were 7.12, 6.48, and 6.44 MJ/ha, respectively. The result revealed that fertilizer, irrigation and electricity consumed the bulk of energy. The result also showed that energy ratio, energy productivity and net energy gain of all category farmers were lie between 3.89 to 4.26, 6.64 to 7.12 kg/MJ and 89236.17 to 94073.10 MJ/ha, respectively. Yield rice grain of large, medium and small category framers were 4500, 4450 and 4250 kg/ha, respectively.

Keywords


Rice, Energy Input, Energy Output, Specific Energy.

References