International Journal of Medical Sciences

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access
Open Access Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Restricted Access Subscription Access

Role of Low Acid Diet in Chronic Kidney Disease


Affiliations
1 Department of Community Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, VARANASI (U.P.), India
2 Department of Community Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, VARANASI (U.P.), India
3 Department of Nephrology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, VARANASI, India
     

   Subscribe/Renew Journal


Introduction- Acid-base balance is maintained by normal elimination of carbon dioxide by the lungs (which affects the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2) and normal excretion of non-volatile acid by the kidneys (which affects the plasma bicarbonate concentration). The role of dietary acid also should be given greater consideration in CKD patients. Objective- The objective of the study was to know the effect of dietary intervention of Low Acid Diet on (CKD) Chronic kidney disease outcomes. Methodology- It is a hospital based interventional study. Patients were recruited from nephrology OPD of Sir Sunderlal Hospital IMS BHU Varanasi, India in the age group of eighteen years and above who were ready to give written consent. Follow-up has been done for six months. Study variables were BMI, Demographic profile, Glomerular filtration rate, bicarbonate level by ABG, Blood levels of Urea, Creatinine. Investigative variables were obtained by standard methods as used in the hospital. Study tools used were Interview Schedule, Electronic weighing scale, Measuring tape, Food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and 24hr. dietary recall method were applied for dietary assessment. Data were analyzed by trial version of SPSS 16 software. Results- Results shows that serum bicarbonate was increased from less than 23mmol/L in 5 patients to more than 23mmol/L in 8 patients. Reduction was found in CKD stages 2 and 5. In dietary habits fruit intake was found increased who were taking 2-4 servings per day likewise frequency of 3 servings per day of vegetable intake was found increased from 4 patients to 12 patients. Conclusion - Present study suggest that intervention of low acid diet by increasing fruits and vegetable intake holds promise to be an additional kidney-protective strategy in CKD management.

Keywords

Metabolic Acidosis, Dietary Intake, Bicarbonate, Chronic Kidney Disease, ABG.
Subscription Login to verify subscription
User
Notifications
Font Size


  • Cordain, L., Eaton, S.B., Sebastian, A., Mann, N., Lindeberg, S., Watkins, B.A., O’Keefe, J.H. and BrandMiller, J. (2005). Origins and evolution of the Western diet: health implications for the 21st century. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 81(2): 341-354.

  • Goraya, N., Simoni, J., Jo, C. and Wesson, D.E. (2012). Dietary acid reduction with fruits and vegetables or bicarbonate attenuates kidney injury in patients with a moderately reduced glomerular filtration rate due to hypertensive nephropathy. Kidney Int., 81(1):86–93.

  • Kraut, J.A. and Kurtz, I. (2005). Metabolic acidosis of CKD: diagnosis, clinical characteristics and treatment. Am. J. Kidney Dis., 45 (6) : 978-993.

  • Lennon, E.J., Lemann, J. Jr. and Litzow, J.R.(1966). The effects of diet and stool composition on the net external acid balance of normal subjects. J. Clin. Invest., 45 : 1601-1607.

  • Levey, A.S., Coresh, J., Balk, E., Kausz, A.T., Levin, A., Steffes, M.W., Hogg, R.J., Perrone, R.D., Lau, J. and Eknoyan, G. (2003). National Kidney Foundation practice guidelines for chronic kidney disease: evaluation, classification and stratification. Ann. Internat. Med., 139 (2) : 137-147.

  • Narins, R.G., Kleinman, J.G. and Lemann, J. (1994). Acid production. In: Narins RG, editor. Maxwell and Kleeman’s Clinical Disorders of Fluid and Electrolyte Metabolism. New York, Raw-Hill, Inc., 187-202pp.

  • Narins, R.G.,Moe, O.W., Rector, F.C. and Alpern, R.J. (1994). Renal regulation of acid–base metabolism. In: Narins, R.G., editor. Maxwell and Kleeman’s Clinical Disorders of Fluid and Electrolyte Metabolism. New York: McGraw-Hill, Inc.; 203-242pp.

  • Rajapurkar, M. and Dabhi, M. (2010).Burden of disease - prevalence and incidence of renal disease in India. Clin. Nephrol.,74 (1) : 9-12.

  • Reddy, S.T., Wang, C.Y., Sakhaee, K., Brinkley, L. and Pak, C.Y. (2002). Effect of low-carbohydrate high-protein diets on acid-base balance, stone-forming propensity and calcium metabolism. Am. J. Kidney. Dis., 40 (2) : 265 274.

  • Scialla, J.J. and Anderson, C.A. (2013). Dietary acid load: a novel nutritional target in chronic kidney disease? Adv. Chronic Kidney Dis., 20 (2) : 141-149.


Abstract Views: 223

PDF Views: 0




  • Role of Low Acid Diet in Chronic Kidney Disease

Abstract Views: 223  |  PDF Views: 0

Authors

Pragya Singh
Department of Community Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, VARANASI (U.P.), India
Hari Shankar
Department of Community Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, VARANASI (U.P.), India
T. B. Singh
Department of Community Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, VARANASI (U.P.), India
Shivendra Singh
Department of Nephrology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, VARANASI, India
R. G. Singh
Department of Nephrology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, VARANASI, India

Abstract


Introduction- Acid-base balance is maintained by normal elimination of carbon dioxide by the lungs (which affects the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2) and normal excretion of non-volatile acid by the kidneys (which affects the plasma bicarbonate concentration). The role of dietary acid also should be given greater consideration in CKD patients. Objective- The objective of the study was to know the effect of dietary intervention of Low Acid Diet on (CKD) Chronic kidney disease outcomes. Methodology- It is a hospital based interventional study. Patients were recruited from nephrology OPD of Sir Sunderlal Hospital IMS BHU Varanasi, India in the age group of eighteen years and above who were ready to give written consent. Follow-up has been done for six months. Study variables were BMI, Demographic profile, Glomerular filtration rate, bicarbonate level by ABG, Blood levels of Urea, Creatinine. Investigative variables were obtained by standard methods as used in the hospital. Study tools used were Interview Schedule, Electronic weighing scale, Measuring tape, Food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and 24hr. dietary recall method were applied for dietary assessment. Data were analyzed by trial version of SPSS 16 software. Results- Results shows that serum bicarbonate was increased from less than 23mmol/L in 5 patients to more than 23mmol/L in 8 patients. Reduction was found in CKD stages 2 and 5. In dietary habits fruit intake was found increased who were taking 2-4 servings per day likewise frequency of 3 servings per day of vegetable intake was found increased from 4 patients to 12 patients. Conclusion - Present study suggest that intervention of low acid diet by increasing fruits and vegetable intake holds promise to be an additional kidney-protective strategy in CKD management.

Keywords


Metabolic Acidosis, Dietary Intake, Bicarbonate, Chronic Kidney Disease, ABG.

References