International Journal of Plant Sciences

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access
Open Access Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Restricted Access Subscription Access

Mycoviruses and their Role in Biological Control of Plant Diseases


Affiliations
1 Department of Plant Pathology, Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (H.P.), India
     

   Subscribe/Renew Journal


Mycoviruses are the viruses that infect fungi and prevalent in all major groups of plant pathogenic and edible fungi. The first mycovirus was reported in 1962 from the cultivated mushroom (Agaricus bisporus); the infected mushrooms developed malformed fruiting bodies, grow slowly, mature early and resulting in serious yield losses. Although the majority of known mycoviruses have dsRNA genomes that are packaged in isometric particles, but there are also some reports of DNA mycoviruses. These are transmitted intracellularly during cell division, sporogenesis and cell fusion, but apparently lack an extracellular route for infection. Their natural host ranges are restricted to individuals within the same or closely related vegetative compatibility groups. Mycoviruses causes debilitating diseases of mushrooms; reduce the virulence of their phytopathogenic fungal hosts, production of killer proteins and increase the thermal tolerance of infected host plant. These fungal-virus systems are precious for the development of novel biocontrol strategies. Hypovirulence associated mycoviruses and killer yeast to control plant diseases is emerging as one of the latest biological tool.

Keywords

Mycoviruses, dsRNA, Hypovirulence, Killer Yeast.
Subscription Login to verify subscription
User
Notifications
Font Size


  • Allen, A., Islamovic, S., Kaur, J., Gold, S., Smith, T.J. and Shah, D. (2013). The virally encoded killer proteins from Ustilago maydis. Fungal Biol. Rev., 26 : 166-173.

  • Borodynko, N., Jaroszewska, B.H., Rymelska, N. and Pospieszny, H. (2010). La France disease of the cultivated mushroom Agaricus bisporus in Poland. Acta Virologica, 54(3) : 217-219.

  • Buck, K.W. (1986). Fungal virology-an overview. In: Buck KW (ed) Fungal virology. CRC Press, Florida, pp 1–84.

  • Cabral, A.D.S., Carvalho, P.M.B.D., Pinotti, T., Hagler, A.N. and Hagler, L.C.S.M. (2009). A. Killer yeasts inhibit the growth of the phytopathogen Moniliophthora perniciosa, the causal agent of witches’ broom disease. Brazilian J. Microbiol., 40 : 108-110.

  • Castro, M., Kramer, K., Valdivia, L., Ortiz, S. and Castillo, A. (2003). A double-stranded RNA mycovirus confers hypovirulence-associated traits to Botrytis cinerea. FEMS Microbiol., 228(1) : 87-91.

  • Coenen, A., Kevei, F. and Hoekstra, R.F. (1997). Factors affecting the spread of double-stranded RNA viruses in Aspergillus nidulans. Genet. Res., 69 : 1-10.

  • Darissa, O., Adam, G. and Schafer, W. (2012). A dsRNA mycovirus causes hypovirulence of Fusarium graminearum to wheat and maize. European J. Pl. Pathol., 134 : 181-189.

  • Davies, J.R., Osmani, A.H., De Souza, C.P., Bachewich, C. and Osmani, S.A. (2004). Potential link between the NIMA mitotic kinase and nuclear membrane fission during mitotic exit in Aspergillus nidulans. Eukaryot Cell, 3 : 1433-1444.

  • Deng, F., Allen, T.D., Hillman, B.I. and Nuss, D.L. (2007). Comparative analysis of alterations in host phenotype and transcript accumulation following hypovirus and mycoreovirus infections of the chestnut blight fungus Cryphonectria parasitica. Eukaryot Cell, 6 : 1286-1298.

  • Fedorova, N.D., Badger, J.H., Robson, G.D., Wortman, J.R. and Nierman, W.C. (2005). Comparative analysis of programmed cell death pathways in filamentous fungi. BMC Genomics., 6 : 177.

  • Fedorova, N.D., Khaldi, N. and Joardar, V.S. (2008). Genomic islands in the pathogenic filamentous fungus Aspergillus fumigatus. PLOS Genetics, 4:e1000046.

  • George, C.X., Gupta, B.M., Khurana, P.S.M. and Nagaich, B.B. (1981). Antiviral activity in plants of a mycoviral dsRNA from Trichothecium roseum. Acta Virol., 25(6): 408-414.

  • Ghabrial, S.A. (1994). New developments in fungal virology. Adv. Virus Res., 43 : 303-308.

  • Gupta, S. (1990). Studies on viruses of fungi. PhD Thesis, Division of Mycology and Plant pathology, Indian Agriculture Research Institute, NEW DELHI, INDIA.

  • Hillman, B.I. and Suzuki, N. (2004). Viruses of the chestnut blight fungus, Cryphonectria parasitica. Adv. Virus Res., 63 : 423-472.

  • Howitt, R., Beever, R.E., Pearson, M.N. and Forster, R.L. (1995). Presence of double-stranded RNA and virus like particles in Botrytis cinerea.Mycolog. Res., 99: 1472-1478.

  • Jiang, D. and Ghabrial, S.A. (2004). Molecular characterization of Penicillium chrysogenum virus: reconsideration of the taxonomy of the genus Chrysovirus. J. General Virol., 85 : 2111-2121.

  • Kanematsu, S., Arakawa, M., Oikawa, Y., Onoue, M., Osaki, O., Nakamura, H., Ikeda, K., Kuga-Uetake, K., Nitta, H., Sasaki, A., Suzaki, K., Yoshida, K. and Matsumoto, N. (2004). A Reovirus causes hypovirulence of Rosellinia necatrix. Virol., 94(6): 561-569.

  • King, A.M.Q., Adams, M.J., Carstens, E.B. and Lefkowitz, E.J. (2012). Virus Taxonomy: Ninth Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Amsterdam, The Neth.: Elsevier Acad.

  • Kotakadi, V.S., Gaddam, S. and Sai Gopal, D.V.R. (2012). Serological tests for detection of sunflower necrosis Tospo virus causing necrosis disease of sunflower (helianthus, annus ). Bioscan, 7(3) : 543-545.

  • Li, G., Wang, D., Jiang, D. and Huang, H.C. (2000). First report of Sclerotinia nivalis on lettuce in central China. Mycolog. Res., 104(2) : 232-237.

  • Li, H., Fu, Y., Jiang, D., Li, G. and Ghabrial, S.A. (2008). Downregulation of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum gene expression in response to infection with Sclerotinia sclerotiorum debilitation-associated RNAvirus. Virus Res., 135(1) : 95-106.

  • Liu A.R., Chen, S.C., Lin, X.M., Wu, S.Y., Xu, T., Cai, F.M. and Raesh, J. (2010). Endophytic Pestalotiopsis species spp. associated with plants of Palmae, Rhizophoraceae, Planchonellae and Podocarpaceae in Hainan, China. Afr. J. Microbiol. Res., 4 : 2661-2669.

  • Liu, H., Fu, Y., Jiang, D., Li, G., Xie, J., Peng, Y., Yi, X. and Ghabrial, S.A. (2009). A novel mycovirus that is related to the human pathogen Hepatitis E virus and rubilike viruses. J. Virol., 83(4) : 1981-1991.

  • Liu, Y.C., Linder-Basso, D., Hillman, B.I., Kaneko, S. and Milgroom, M.G. (2003). Evidence for interspecies transmission of viruses in natural populations of filamentous fungi in the genus Cryphonectria. Mol. Ecol., 12 : 1619-1628.

  • Llorens, E., Fernandez-Crespo, E., Vicedo, B., Lapena, L. and Garcia-Agustin, P. (2013). Enhancement of the citrus immune system provides effective resistance against Alternaria brown spot disease. J. Plant Physiol., 170 : 146-154.

  • Magae, Y. and Sunagawa, M. (2010). Characterization of a mycovirus associated with the brown discoloration of edible mushroom, Flammulina velutipes. Virol. J., 7 : 342-350.

  • Magri, M.M.R., Tornisielo, S.M.T. and Antonini, S.R.C. (2011). Bioprospection of yeasts as biocontrol agents against phytopathogenic molds. Brazilian Archives Biol. & Technol., 54(1) : 1-5.

  • Maheshwari, R.K. and Gupta, B.M. (1973). A new antiviral agent designated 6-MFA from Aspergillus flavus II. General physicochemical characteristics of 6-MFA. J. Antibiot., 26 : 328-334.

  • Marquez, L.M., Redman, R.S., Rodriguez, R.J. and Roossinck, M.J. (2007). A virus in a fungus in a plant: ThreeWay Symbiosis Required for Thermal Tolerance. Sci., 315 : 513-516.

  • Misra, A., Singh, T.K.S., Yadav, Y.P., Mishra, B. and Choudhary, D.P. (1979). Mycoviruses in Helminthosporium (Abstr.), p. 186. In: H.P. Molitoris, M. Hollings and H.A.Wood, [eds], Fungal viruses, Springer, Berlin.

  • Nuss, D.L. (2011). Mycoviruses, RNA silencing, and viral RNA recombination. Adv. Virus Res., 80 : 25-48.

  • Park, S.M., Choi, E.S., Kim, M.J., Cha, B.J., Yang, M.S. and Kim, D.H. (2004). Characterization of HOG1 homologue, cpMK1, fromCryphonectria parasitica and evidence for hypovirus-mediated perturbation of its phosphorylation in response to hypertonic stress. Mole. Microbiol., 51 : 1267-1277.

  • Pearson, M.N., Beever, R.E., Boine, B. and Arthur, K. (2009). Mycovirus of filamentous fungi and their relevance to plant pathology. Mol. Pl. Pathol., 10 : 11-23.

  • Polashock, J.J., Bedker, P.J. and Hillman, B.I. (1997). Movement of a small mitochondrial double-stranded RNA element of Cryphonectria parasitica: ascospore inheritance and implications for mitochondrial recombination. Mol. Genet. & Genomics, 256 : 566-571.

  • Rodryguez-Garcia, C., Medina, V., Alonso, A. and Ayllon, M.A. (2013). Mycoviruses of Botrytis cinerea isolate from different hosts. Annu. Appl. Biol., 164 : 46-61.

  • Schmitt, M.J., Poravou, O., Trenz, K. and Rehfeldt, K. (1997). Unique double-stranded RNAs responsible for the anti-Candida activity of the yeast Hanseniaspora uvarum. J. Virol., 71 : 8852–8855.

  • Sinha, B. and Tarafdar, J. (2007). A study on the cause of sweet potato virus disease in West Bengal. Bioscan, 2(2) : 163-167.

  • Tewari, R.P. and Singh, S.J. (1984). Mushroom virus disease in India. Mushr. J., 142 : 354-355.

  • Tewari, R.P. and Singh, S.J. (1985). Studies on a virus disease of white button mushroom, Agaricus bisporus in India. Indian J.Virol., 1(1) : 35-41.

  • Turina, M. and Rostagno, L. (2007). Virus-induced hypovirulence in Cryphonectria parasitica: still an unresolved conundrum. J. Plant Pathol., 89(2) : 165-178.

  • Van, A.D., Pal, K., Van der Lee, T.A., Hoekstra, R.F. and Debets, A.J. (2009). The het-c heterokaryon incompatibility gene in Aspergillus niger. Mycolog. Res., 113 : 222-229.

  • Van Diepeningen, A.D., Debets, A.J. and Hoekstra, R.F. (1997). Heterokaryon incompatibility blocks virus transfer among natural isolates of black Aspergilli. Curr. Genet., 32 : 209-217.

  • Van Diepeningen, A.D., Debets, A.J. and Hoekstra, R.F. (2006). Dynamics of dsRNA mycoviruses in black Aspergillus populations. Fungal Genet. & Biol., 43: 446-452.

  • Wu, M., Jin, F., Zhang, J., Yang, L. and Jiang, D. (2012). Characterization of a novel bipartite double-stranded RNA mycovirus conferring hypovirulence in the pathogenic fungus Botrytis porri. J. Virol., 86 : 660-519.

  • Wu, M., Zhang, L., Li, G., Jiang, D. and Ghabrial, S.A. (2010). Genome characterization of a debilitation-associated mitovirus infecting the phytopathogenic fungus Botrytis cinerea. Virol., 406(1) : 117-26.

  • Wu, M., Zhang, L., Li, G., Jiang, D. and Hou, M. (2007). Hypovirulence and double-stranded RNA in Botrytis cinerea. Phytopathol., 97(12) : 1590-99.

  • Xie, J., Wei, D., Jiang, D., Fu, Y., Li, G., Ghabrial, S. A. and Peng, Y. (2006). Characterization of debilitation associated mycovirus infecting the plant pathogenic fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. J. General Virol., 87(1): 241-249.

  • Xie, J., Xiao, X., Fu, Y., Liu, H., Cheng, J., Ghabrial, S. A., Li, G. and Jiang, D. (2011). A novel mycovirus closely related to hypoviruses that infects the plant pathogenic fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Virol., 418(1) : 49-56.

  • Yaegashi, H., Nakamura, H., Sawahata, T., Sasaki, A., Iwanami, Y., Ito, T. and Kanematsu, S. (2012). Appearance of mycovirus-like double-stranded RNAs in the white ischolar_main rot fungus, Rosellinia necatrix, in an apple orchard. Microbiol. Ecolol., 83 : 49-62.

  • Yphantis, D.A., Dainko, J. L. and Schlenk, F. (1967). Effect of some proteins on the yeast cell membrane. J. Bacteriol., 94 : 1509-1515.

  • Yu, X., Li, B., Fu, Y., Jiang, D., Ghabrial, S. A., Li, G., Peng, Y., Xie, J., Cheng, J., Huang, J. and Yi, X. (2010). A geminivirus related DNA mycovirus that confers hypovirulence to a plant pathogenic fungus. National Acad. Sci. USA, 107(18) : 8387-8392.

  • Zhang, J., Zhang, L., Wu, M.D., Li, G.Q. and Jiang, D.H. (2007). Molecular identification of Botrytis species. In: Peng, Y.L. and Kang, Z.S. (Eds) Proceedings of the annual m eeting of Chinese society for plant pathology (2007). Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University , Yang Ling, p. 83.

  • Zhang, L., Wu, M.D., Li, G.Q., Dao, H.J. and Huang, H.C. (2010). Effect of Mitovirus infection on formation of infection cushions and virulence of Botrytis cinerea. Physiol.& Mol. Plant Pathol., 75 (1-2) : 71-80.

  • Zheng, L., Zhang, M., Chen, Q., Zhu, M. and Zhou, E. (2014). A novel mycovirus closely related to viruses in the genus Alphapartitivirus confers hypovirulence in the phytopathogenic fungus Rhizoctonia solani. Virol., 456 : 220-226.

  • Zhu, W., Wei, W., Fu, Y., Cheng, J. and Xie, J. (2013). A secretory protein of necrotrophic fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum that suppresses host resistance. PLOS ONE, 8(1) : 53901.


Abstract Views: 365

PDF Views: 0




  • Mycoviruses and their Role in Biological Control of Plant Diseases

Abstract Views: 365  |  PDF Views: 0

Authors

Vijay Kumar
Department of Plant Pathology, Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (H.P.), India
Sunita Chandel
Department of Plant Pathology, Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (H.P.), India

Abstract


Mycoviruses are the viruses that infect fungi and prevalent in all major groups of plant pathogenic and edible fungi. The first mycovirus was reported in 1962 from the cultivated mushroom (Agaricus bisporus); the infected mushrooms developed malformed fruiting bodies, grow slowly, mature early and resulting in serious yield losses. Although the majority of known mycoviruses have dsRNA genomes that are packaged in isometric particles, but there are also some reports of DNA mycoviruses. These are transmitted intracellularly during cell division, sporogenesis and cell fusion, but apparently lack an extracellular route for infection. Their natural host ranges are restricted to individuals within the same or closely related vegetative compatibility groups. Mycoviruses causes debilitating diseases of mushrooms; reduce the virulence of their phytopathogenic fungal hosts, production of killer proteins and increase the thermal tolerance of infected host plant. These fungal-virus systems are precious for the development of novel biocontrol strategies. Hypovirulence associated mycoviruses and killer yeast to control plant diseases is emerging as one of the latest biological tool.

Keywords


Mycoviruses, dsRNA, Hypovirulence, Killer Yeast.

References