Journal of Endocrinology and Reproduction

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access
Open Access Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Restricted Access Subscription Access

Screening the Risk Factors of Diabetes Mellitus in 1st year MBBS and BDS Students of a Medical College in Bangladesh


Affiliations
1 Department of Endocrinology, North East Medical College and Hospital, Sylhet, Bangladesh, India
2 Department of Endocrinology, Bangabandhu Sheik Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh ., India
3 Department of Gastroenterology, North East Medical College and Hospital, Sylhet, Bangladesh ., India
4 Department of Medicine, North East Medical College and Hospital, Sylhet, Bangladesh ., India
     

   Subscribe/Renew Journal


Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a common and serious chronic debilitating disease. Until recently, type 2 diabetes has been typically regarded as a disease of the middle-aged and elderly. While this age group still maintains a higher risk than younger adults, evidence is accumulating that onset in those under 30 years is increasingly common. Type 2 diabetes and its complications constitute a major public health hazard affecting people in both developed and developing countries. Prevalence of type 2 diabetes has been increasing exponentially, across the World. Multiple risk factors of diabetes, delayed diagnosis, life-threatening complications, sub-therapeutic treatment, and higher treatment costs are some crucial barriers to the control of type 2 diabetes. Aim of the Study: This study aimed to assess the risk factors of T2D in 1st-year MBBS and BDS students of North East Medical College (NEMC), Sylhet, Bangladesh. Methods: This was an observational crosssectional study undertaken at the Endocrine Outpatient Department in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Sylhet, Bangladesh, during the period from November 2017 to February 2018. Non-probability purposive sampling was done. Out of 145 MBBS and BDS students who got admitted in session 2017-2018, data of 143 students were included as a part of regular medical checkup after permission of the concerned authority. As applicable, all data were expressed as frequencies and mean ±SD or mean ±SE. Student’s t-test and Chi-square test were conducted where the p-value <0.05 was considered significant. Data analysis was done using computer-based SPSS version-22.0. Results: Among the total of 143 participants, 36.8% were female, and the male-female ratio was 1:1.7. Among all of them, 53% belonged to the 17-20-year age group whereas the rest 47% belonged to the 21-22-year age group. In analyzing the association of risk factors among participants we observed that the highest number of participants was associated with a family history of DM which was 19.83%. Then 18.95%, 18.08%, 14.58%, 10.79%, 9.91%, 7.29%, 0.29%, and another 0.29% participants were associated with fast food, physical inactivity, rich food, acanthosis nigricans, overweight, obesity, HTN, and dyslipidemiaT2d, respectively. According to the p values, we did not find any significant correlation between T2D status with any risk factor in this study. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that family history of T2D, consumption of fast food, physical inactivity, consumption of rich food, acanthosis nigricans, and overweight are the most potential risk factors of diabetes mellitus for such participants. But we did not find any significant correlation among those risk factors. An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) may ensure more specific results for such a study

Keywords

Blood Glucose, DM, MBBS Students, Risk factors, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Subscription Login to verify subscription
User
Notifications
Font Size


  • Wilmot E, Idris I. Early-onset type 2 diabetes: Risk factors, clinical impact, and management. Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease. 2014; 5(6):234–44. https://doi.org/10.1177/2040622314548679. PMid:25364491. PMCid:PMC4205573

  • Alberti G, Zimmet P, Shaw J, Bloomgarden Z, Kaufman F, Silink M. Type 2 diabetes in the young: The evolving epidemic: The international diabetes federation consensus workshop. Diabetes Care. 2004; 27:1798–811. https://doi.org/10.2337/ diacare.27.7.1798. PMid:15220270

  • Hsia Y, Neubert AC, Rani F, Viner RM, Hindmarsh PC, Wong ICK. An increase in the prevalence of type 1 and 2 diabetes in children and adolescents: results from prescription data from a UK general practice database. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 2009; 67:242–9. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2125.2008.03347.x. PMid:19260863. PMCid:PMC2670382

  • Hillier T, Pedula K. Characteristics of an adult population with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. The relation of obesity and age of onset. Diabetes Care. 2001; 24:1522–7. https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.24.9.1522. PMid:11522693

  • Haines L, Wan KC, Lynn R, Barrett TG, Julian P.H. Shield, MD. Rising incidence of type 2 diabetes in children in the U.K. Diabetes Care. 2007; 30:1097–101. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc06-1813. PMid:17259470

  • Andersen L., Harro M., Sardinha L., et al. Physical activity and clustered cardiovascular risk in children: A cross-sectional study (The European Youth Heart Study). Lancet. 2006; 368. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(06)69075-2

  • Sharp P, Brown B, Qureshi A. Age at diagnosis of diabetes in a secondary care population: 1992–2005. Br J Diabetes Vasc Dis.2008; 8:92–5. https://doi.org/10.1177/14746514080080020701

  • Schienkiewitz A, Schulze MB, Hoffmann K, Kroke A, Boeing H. Body mass index history and risk of type 2 diabetes: Results from the European Perspective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Potsdam Study. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2006; 84:427–33. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/84.2.427. PMid:16895894

  • Mokdad A, Bowman B, Engelgau M, Vinicor F. Diabetes trends in the U.S.: 1990–1998. Diabetes Care. 2000; 23:1278–83. https:// doi.org/10.2337/diacare.23.9.1278. PMid:10977060

  • Kitagawa T, Owada M, Urakami T, Yamauchi K. Increased incidence of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus among Japanese schoolchildren correlates with an increased intake of animal protein and fat. Clinical Pediatrics. 1998; 37:111–15. https://doi.org/10.1177/000992289803700208. PMid:9492119

  • Koopman R, Mainous A, Diaz V, Geesey M. Change in age at diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the United States, 1988 to 2000. Annals of Family Medicine. 2005; 3:60–3 https://doi.org/10.1370/afm.214. PMid:15671192. PMCid:PMC1466782

  • Dean H, Flett B. Natural history of type 2 diabetes diagnosed in childhood: Long term follow-up in young adult years. Diabetes. 2002; 51(Suppl. 2):A24

  • Eppens MC, Craig ME, Cusumano J, Hing S, Chan AKF, Howard NJ, et al. Prevalence of diabetes complications in adolescents with type 2 compared with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2006; 29:1300–6. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc05-2470. PMid:16732012

  • Ashok P, Kharche JS, Joshi AR. Evaluation of risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus in medical students using Indian Diabetes Risk Score.Indian Journal of Medical Sciences. 2011; 65(1):1–6. https://doi.org/10.4103/0019-5359.103159. PMid:23134940

  • Lindstrom J, Tuomilehto J. The diabetes risk score: a practical tool to predict type 2 diabetes risk. Diabetes Care. 2003; 26:725–31. https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.26.3.725. PMid:12610029

  • Nelson KM, Boyko EJ. Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Predicting impaired glucose tolerance using common clinical information: data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Diabetes Care. 2003; 26:2058–62. https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.26.7.2058. PMid:12832313 .


Abstract Views: 161

PDF Views: 0




  • Screening the Risk Factors of Diabetes Mellitus in 1st year MBBS and BDS Students of a Medical College in Bangladesh

Abstract Views: 161  |  PDF Views: 0

Authors

Mohammad Abdul Hannan
Department of Endocrinology, North East Medical College and Hospital, Sylhet, Bangladesh, India
Shahjada Selim
Department of Endocrinology, Bangabandhu Sheik Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh ., India
Madhusudan Saha
Department of Gastroenterology, North East Medical College and Hospital, Sylhet, Bangladesh ., India
Mohammad Afzal Miah
Department of Medicine, North East Medical College and Hospital, Sylhet, Bangladesh ., India

Abstract


Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a common and serious chronic debilitating disease. Until recently, type 2 diabetes has been typically regarded as a disease of the middle-aged and elderly. While this age group still maintains a higher risk than younger adults, evidence is accumulating that onset in those under 30 years is increasingly common. Type 2 diabetes and its complications constitute a major public health hazard affecting people in both developed and developing countries. Prevalence of type 2 diabetes has been increasing exponentially, across the World. Multiple risk factors of diabetes, delayed diagnosis, life-threatening complications, sub-therapeutic treatment, and higher treatment costs are some crucial barriers to the control of type 2 diabetes. Aim of the Study: This study aimed to assess the risk factors of T2D in 1st-year MBBS and BDS students of North East Medical College (NEMC), Sylhet, Bangladesh. Methods: This was an observational crosssectional study undertaken at the Endocrine Outpatient Department in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Sylhet, Bangladesh, during the period from November 2017 to February 2018. Non-probability purposive sampling was done. Out of 145 MBBS and BDS students who got admitted in session 2017-2018, data of 143 students were included as a part of regular medical checkup after permission of the concerned authority. As applicable, all data were expressed as frequencies and mean ±SD or mean ±SE. Student’s t-test and Chi-square test were conducted where the p-value <0.05 was considered significant. Data analysis was done using computer-based SPSS version-22.0. Results: Among the total of 143 participants, 36.8% were female, and the male-female ratio was 1:1.7. Among all of them, 53% belonged to the 17-20-year age group whereas the rest 47% belonged to the 21-22-year age group. In analyzing the association of risk factors among participants we observed that the highest number of participants was associated with a family history of DM which was 19.83%. Then 18.95%, 18.08%, 14.58%, 10.79%, 9.91%, 7.29%, 0.29%, and another 0.29% participants were associated with fast food, physical inactivity, rich food, acanthosis nigricans, overweight, obesity, HTN, and dyslipidemiaT2d, respectively. According to the p values, we did not find any significant correlation between T2D status with any risk factor in this study. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that family history of T2D, consumption of fast food, physical inactivity, consumption of rich food, acanthosis nigricans, and overweight are the most potential risk factors of diabetes mellitus for such participants. But we did not find any significant correlation among those risk factors. An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) may ensure more specific results for such a study

Keywords


Blood Glucose, DM, MBBS Students, Risk factors, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

References





DOI: https://doi.org/10.18519/jer%2F2022%2Fv26%2F217273