A Comprehensive Review on Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis is one of a disease that has afflicted the human race for centuries by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Highly effective drugs for treating TB were introduced over 40 years ago, yet deaths from the disease continue to increase. Agents that reduce the duration and complexity of the current therapy would have a major impact on compliance and overall cure rate. Thus, many potential drug targets have been identified, dozens of vaccine candidates have been tested in animal models in recent years, and several of these are poised to move into clinical trials in the next several years. The overall goals for treatment of tuberculosis are 1) to cure the individual patient, and 2) to minimize the transmission of M. tuberculosis to other persons. Thus, successful treatment of tuberculosis has benefits both for the individual patient and the community in which the patient resides, but in all cases the health department is ultimately responsible for ensuring that adequate, appropriate diagnostic and treatment services are available, and for monitoring the results of therapy. This article provides a comprehensive review about the science of tuberculosis, types, diagnosis and its evaluation techniques and treatment procedures.