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Hydro-Chemical Assessment of Groundwater Considering Distillery Effluent Irrigation


Affiliations
1 Department of Chemistry, Bareilly College, M. J. P. Rohilkhand University, Bareilly-243 006, U. P., India
2 Department of Environmental Science, College of Basic Science & Humanities, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar-263 145, Uttarakhand, India
 

The objective of this study is to evaluate contamination of groundwater due to distillery effluent irrigation. The groundwater chemistry was studied in a series of eight multi-level depth locations of Gajraula and its suburb of JP Nagar district in Uttar Pradesh. The treated distillery effluent was used twice @ 225-50 m³/ha as a pre-sown irrigation. The study was conducted in pre-irrigation and post-irrigation phase for the year 2008-2009. The comparative analysis showed that private wells (shallower hand pumps) have high NO3-, BOD and Fe concentrations as compared to the public supply wells (deep boreholes) during the post irrigation. The TDS, Cl- and Ca+2 values were found near to IS:10500 permissible limit values i.e., 500 mg/L, 250 mg/L and 75 mg/L respectively. However, negative effect of the effluent irrigation on groundwater quality was reported at R-1, R-2, R-3 and R-4 sites, which may have been influenced by industrial, local agricultural practices, distillery lagoon and effluent irrigation as mixed sources.

Keywords

Distillery Effluent Irrigation, Groundwater Contamination, Gajraula.
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  • Hydro-Chemical Assessment of Groundwater Considering Distillery Effluent Irrigation

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Authors

Bineet Singh
Department of Chemistry, Bareilly College, M. J. P. Rohilkhand University, Bareilly-243 006, U. P., India
J. S. Chauhan
Department of Environmental Science, College of Basic Science & Humanities, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar-263 145, Uttarakhand, India
Anuraag Mohan
Department of Chemistry, Bareilly College, M. J. P. Rohilkhand University, Bareilly-243 006, U. P., India

Abstract


The objective of this study is to evaluate contamination of groundwater due to distillery effluent irrigation. The groundwater chemistry was studied in a series of eight multi-level depth locations of Gajraula and its suburb of JP Nagar district in Uttar Pradesh. The treated distillery effluent was used twice @ 225-50 m³/ha as a pre-sown irrigation. The study was conducted in pre-irrigation and post-irrigation phase for the year 2008-2009. The comparative analysis showed that private wells (shallower hand pumps) have high NO3-, BOD and Fe concentrations as compared to the public supply wells (deep boreholes) during the post irrigation. The TDS, Cl- and Ca+2 values were found near to IS:10500 permissible limit values i.e., 500 mg/L, 250 mg/L and 75 mg/L respectively. However, negative effect of the effluent irrigation on groundwater quality was reported at R-1, R-2, R-3 and R-4 sites, which may have been influenced by industrial, local agricultural practices, distillery lagoon and effluent irrigation as mixed sources.

Keywords


Distillery Effluent Irrigation, Groundwater Contamination, Gajraula.