Estimation of Surface and Groundwater Pollution Due to Mining Activity by Geo-Chemical Methods and Re-Vegetation Site Selection Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques in the Parts of Sandur Schist Belt, South India

Assessment of surface and groundwater quality has been carried out in the parts of the Sandur schist belt, Bellary district, Karnataka, South India. Sandur schist belt is well known for iron ore deposits. Rigorous and unplanned mining methods causes intensive natural hazards like water pollution, air pollution, noise pollution, dust pollution, etc. Water quality of the study area has been studied for sodium (Na), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), chloride (Cl), fluoride (F), sulphate (SO4), nitrate (NO3) and total hardness. Results show gradual decrease in groundwater quality and surface water pollution in and around the parts of Sandur Schist belt. Mapping of re-vegetation site selection at regional scales is essential for a wide range of applications including landslide, erosion, land planning, global warming, LU/LC alterations (especially on human activities), effect of climate, natural hazard and socio-economic dynamics in global and local scale. In this study, revegetation site selection has been carried out by using remote sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) in Sandur schist belt in Bellary District. Identification potential sites for replantation within the mining pit is a complicated thing using change detection comparison (pixel by pixel).