Hazards, Sources and Control Measures of Heavy Metal Pollution of Forest Soil:Taking Jin-Jing-Ji Region of China as an Example

Forest is a complex system of woods, plants, animals, and other environmental components. However, owing to unsustainable population growth and rapid economic development, large quantities of poisonous heavy metal elements are directly or indirectly released into forests by human activities, which has damaged the soil quality. This study took Jin-Jing-Ji region of China as an example to analyze the hazards and sources of heavy metals in forest soil. Related literature on heavy metal pollution of forest soil was analyzed. Subsequently, control measures were proposed to overturn the current polluted state of the above region’s forest. Results show that the effect strength, urbanization, and industrialization level of human activities are closely related to the degree of heavy metal pollution of forest soil. The hazards of heavy metals pollution to forest soil manifest in four aspects: plants, soil animals, soil enzymes, and people dwelling around the forest. Meanwhile, the main sources of heavy metal pollution are atmospheric dry and wet deposition, industrial activities and transportation, fertilization of man-made forest, and mining activities. The current state can be improved by employing control measures such as economic and industrial structural adjustments, strengthening the environmental awareness of individuals, strict control of pollution sources through prevention management, and strict control of atmospheric deposition and forest pollution. The findings of this study can serve as a significant reference for relevant regions when analyzing the state of heavy metal pollution to their respective forest soils and when conducting environmental diagnosis and forest protection activities.