Leach Duty - Cycle to Prolonging the Network Lifetime in Wireless Sensor Network

In recent era of advance technology, in Communications&Computations have enabled the development of low-cost, low-power, small in size&multifunctional sensor nodes in a Wireless Sensor Network. The lifetime of an energy constrained sensor in determined by how fast the sensor consumes energy. A node in the network is no longer useful when its battery dies. The wireless sensor networks consists of many battery powered sensor nodes that monitor their physical surroundings and send the resulting data to a sink node. Much research has been done in recent years, investigating different aspects like low power protocols, Network establishments, routing protocols&coverage problems of Wireless Sensor Networks. The design of Energy - Efficient protocol i.e. Leach Duty Cycle is key for prolonging the lifetime of a wireless sensor network. Here it, routing protocols play an important role to forward the information from sensor nodes to Base Station regularly or on demanded in wireless sensor network. There are three types of routing, classified as flat, location based and hierarchical routing. A clustering approach is a hierarchical routing technique. In wireless sensor networks, clustering is effectively used for many applications, including environment monitoring.

The clustering associated with data aggregation improves network performance by decreasing the amount of data to be delivered and the number of hops from sensors to the Base Station. LEACH is the most famous clustering protocol that resolves the energy unbalancing problem among nodes. Here, nodes are classified into two groups: Cluster Heads and Sensor Nodes. The main idea of LEACH is to reform clusters once every period of time, called a round, in order to rotate the role of the Cluster Head among members in a cluster. In LEACH, the repetitive election of Cluster Heads based on the changed probability of the total number of live nodes decreased the total network lifetime and a great decrease causes unbalanced energy consumption between nodes in the entire network. To maximizing the lifetime of sensor nodes, it is preferable to distribute the energy dissipated throughout the Wireless Sensor Network in order to maximize overall performance. In this paper, I proposed Leach Duty-Cycle to save energy of nodes which recently performed as Cluster Heads in the last round. To minimize power consumed during idle listening, Cluster Head nodes, which can be considered redundant, can be put to sleep, until it is time to transmit data. Therefore, the energy of such nodes&the energy of the network are conserved. During the sleep mode, when nodes go to sleep, it cannot affect the working of network. The simulation results showing in MATLAB. So, this protocol as a new energy conservation paradigm with the prolonging the network lifetime.