Research Cell: An International Journal of Engineering Sciences

Gurmeet Kaur ¹, Williamjit Singh ²

Affiliations
1 Punjabi University, Patiala, IN
2 Department of CE, Punjabi University, Patiala, IN

Abstract

Data mining is widely used in educational field to find the problems arise in this field. Student performance is of great concern in the educational institutes where several factors may affect the performance. For prediction the three required components are: Parameters which affect the student performance, Data mining methods and third one is data mining tool. These Parameters may be psychological, personal, environmental. We conduct this study to maintain the education quality of institute by minimizing the diverse affect of these factors on student's performance. In this Paper, Prediction of student Performance is done by applying Naïve bayes and J48 decision tree classification techniques WEKA tool. By applying data mining techniques on student data we can obtain knowledge which describes the student performance. This knowledge will help to improve the education quality, student's performance and to decrease failure rate. All these will help to improve the quality of institute.

Keywords

Prediction, Naive Bayes, J48, Weka Tool.

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Komalpreet Kaur ¹, Gurmeet Kaur ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Punjabi University, Patiala, IN

Abstract

Security is the most important aspect considered while using the wireless local area networks. Various techniques have been used in the past to increase the security of WLAN's while simultaneously making the authentication process faster. The paper presents the review of various such techniques that have been used in the past for the enhancement of the security and achieving fast authentication in wireless networks.

Keywords

Wireless Local Area Network, Wireless Security, Fast Authentication.

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Beant Kaur ¹, Amandeep Kaur ², Gurmeet Kaur ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Electronics and Communication Engg., Punjabi University, Patiala, IN
2 Centre for Computer Science and Technology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, IN

Abstract

This paper aims to present a survey of different applications of image registration technique. Image registration is a pre-processing step for different applications. It consists of mainly four steps: feature detection, feature matching, transformation model estimation and image resampling and transformation. Image registration has wide applications in remote sensing, in medicine and agriculture using different methods and techniques, which have been presented in this paper.

Keywords

Image Registration, Feature Based Method, Area Based Method, Remote Sensing, Biomedical and Agriculture.

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Beant Kaur ¹, Amandeep Kaur ², Gurmeet Kaur ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Electronics and Communication Engg., Punjabi University, Patiala, IN
2 Centre for Computer Science and Technology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, IN

Abstract

This paper aims to present a survey of image registration technique. It is a procedure of mapping points from one image to corresponding points in another image. The image registration geometrically align the two images (one is reference and second is sensed image). The procedure of image registration consists of four steps: feature detection, feature matching, mapping function design and image transformation and resampling which are explained in Section V. The goal of image registration, algorithms and steps for image registration methods have been presented in this review paper.

Keywords

Image Registration, Feature Detection, Feature Matching, Feature Mapping, Resampling.

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Ramanpreet Kaur ¹, Gurmeet Kaur ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Punjabi University, Patiala, IN

Abstract

Power has become one of the circuit implementation bottleneck for modern integrated design. As technology advances, system on chip can have more and more components that lead to higher power density. This paper includes the survey onvarious techniques used for implementation of low power systems.

Keywords

Integrated Design, System on Chip, Power Density, Low Power Systems.

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Gaganpreet Kaur ¹, Gurmeet Kaur ¹, Sanjay Sharma ²

Affiliations
1 ECE Department, Punjabi University, Patiala, IN
2 ECE Department, Thapar University, Patiala, IN

Abstract

We investigate dual pump Fiber Optical Parametric amplifier (FOPA) for wide gain bandwidth. With careful optimization of parameters of fiber used for amplification, dual pump FOPAs can effectively serve as high gain saturated, broadband amplifiers. Type of fiber and its characteristics strongly affect the peak gain and bandwidth of the dual pump FOPA. We attempt to optimize the fiber parameters for maximized gain in dual pump FOPAs. Simulation results are based on analytical modeling of dual pump FOPA. Based on these investigation results we demonstrate a flat gain amplifier with peak gain of 38 dB over wide bandwidth of 228 nm using short length Photonic crystal Fibers (PCFs) with high non-linearity (γ>50). We also demonstrate improved gain saturation in dual pump over single pump FOPA.

Keywords

Parametric Amplifiers, Broadband Amplification, Flat Gain, Dual Pump, Gain Saturation.

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Komalpreet Kaur ¹, Gurmeet Kaur ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Punjabi University, Patiala, IN

Abstract

Speed of the connection establishment and communication in wireless local area networks is a very important aspect to be considered along with achieving faster authentication of the communicating nodes to make the overall system efficient. While few standards developed by IEEE were easy to implement and had minimum hardware and software requirements but did not provide much desired security, others provided a secure environment to carry out the data transmission but took ample time to provide initial authentication services. In this paper a new method, FALAN-AKA, i.e. fast wireless local area network authentication and key agreement has been proposed which provides minimal delay in the initial authentication and provides the security of data by encrypting it.

Keywords

Wireless Local Area Network, Fast Initial Authentication, Advanced Encryption Standard.

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Gurmeet Kaur ¹, Ramanpreet Kaur ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Punjabi University, Patiala, IN

Abstract

The paper presents the concept of existing D fuzzy flip-flop design and analyses the working of the design. The existing design has been studied for its delay parameters and variability. Comparisons with the previous designs has been done to lay down the superiority of the fuzzy design over existing binary flip-flop designs.

Keywords

Binary Flip-Flop, Fuzzy Flip-Flop, D Fuzzy Flip-Flop, Delay, Variability.

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Gurpreet Kaur ¹, Gurmeet Kaur ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Punjabi University, Patiala, IN

Abstract

Artificial neural network based equalizers can be used for equalization in coherent optical OFDM systems. The artificial neural network based multilayer layer perceptron is a feed-forward network consists of one hidden layer with one or more hidden nodes between its input and output layers and can be trained by using back propagation algorithm. However, this algorithm suffers from slow convergence rate, depending on the size of artificial neural network. The training function can update the weights and the bias values according to the resilient back-propagation algorithm, which is computationally more efficient than other training algorithms, and it performs an approximation to the global minimization. It has been seen that an optimal equalizer based on maximum a-posterior probability (MAP) criterion can be implemented using Radial basis function network. In a RBF equalizer, centres are fixed using K-mean clustering and weights are trained using LMS algorithm. RBF equalizer can mitigate ISI interference effectively providing minimum BER plot. In this paper A Radial Basis Function network for adaptive channel equalization in Coherent Optical OFDM Systems has been presented its result has been compared with MLP based artificial neural network.

Keywords

Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Bit Error Rate (BER), Coherent Optical Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (CO-OFDM), Radial Basis Function (RBF).

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Tanu Wadhera ¹, Gurmeet Kaur ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Punjabi University, Patiala, IN

Abstract

The cryptographic and encryption algorithms are mainly employed to ensure the security of data. The usage of chaotic functions in these algorithms can further enhance the security because of their random and unpredictable character. These algorithms make use of substitution box(S-box). In this paper a chaos-based S-box has been proposed which provides more randomness to data. The proposed S-box has been checked against attacks.

Keywords

Chaotic Functions, Piece-Wise Linear Map, Advanced Encryption Scheme, Data Encryption Standard, Substitution Box, Fips-140.

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Gurmeet Kaur ¹, Williamjeet Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of CSE, Punjabi University, Patiala, IN

Abstract

Data mining is widely used in educational field to find the problems arise in this field is called Educational data mining (EDM). The higher institutes aimed to provide quality education to its student and to provide excellent graduates for the country growth. Best way to achieve this level quality education is to analyze the student academic performance. This analysis will help to identify students who are at risk and needs special attention. But student performance depends upon various factors. Number of studies has been carried out on these influencing factors. In this paper, we explore five categories of factors which positively or negatively affect the student performance. These categories are: Family information, Academic information, Personality, Management skill and Miscellaneous. This study will help the students to know their weak points which degrade their performance and also helpful for faculty and institutes management to counsel and motivate the students to improve their abilities who would be found at high risk of failure.

Keywords

Data Mining, Educational Data Mining, Academic Performance, Family Information, Academic Information, Personality, Management Skill.

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Gurpreet Kaur , Gurmeet Kaur

Abstract

Optical fibers are now widely used in communication systems, mainly because they offer much faster data transmission rates. But by increasing transmission rates over longer distances, the data is affected by nonlinear inter-symbol interference caused by dispersion phenomena. Efficient and low-cost dispersion compensation is necessary to achieve useful transmission distances in optical communication systems at higher bit rates. Adaptive equalizers can be used to compensate the effects caused by nonlinear inter symbol inference, i.e., restoring the original signal as transmitted. This paper evaluates the performance of single layer feed forward equalizer using least mean square algorithm and multilayer perceptron equalizer based on artificial neural networks using back error propagation algorithm for chromatic dispersion compensation at bit rate of 12.5 Gb/s. This paper compares these two adaptation techniques in coherent receiver based on analogue electronic dispersion equalizers by simulation and experiment.

Keywords

Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Bit Error Rate (BER), Electronic Dispersion Compensation (EDC), Feed- Forward Equalizer (FFE), Sign-Sign Least Mean Square (SS-LMS), Multilayer Perceptron with Back Error Propagation (MLP-BP).

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