Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access

Air Flow Field around the Grinding Wheel


Affiliations
1 Mechanical Engineering Department, Kalyani Government Engineering College, Kalyani- 741235, Nadia, West Bengal, India
2 Mechanical Engineering Department, Global Institute of Management and Technology, Krishnanagar, Nadia, West Bengal, India
 

Control of grinding zone temperature is of prime importance to obtain defect- free ground work surface. Failure to lower this temperature is likely to cause a number of thermal damages in the workpiece. Beside this, intense wheel loading on the grinding wheel may happen due to rise in grinding temperature. Application of the cutting fluid is an important aspect to reduce the various thermal damages and to improve product quality in grinding. But, the presence of the air layer around a rotating grinding wheel impedes the entry of cutting fluid into the grinding zone. Many new and innovative measures have been carried out to suppress the formation of this air layer and to remove the ill effects of the air layer. The present work reviews some of the past works that explored the formation of the air layer and that investigated different ways and means to combat the hindrance caused by this air layer to promote supply of grinding fluid close to the grinding zone for effective control of grinding temperature. It also suggests some probable avenues of future research.

Keywords

Grinding, Grinding Wheel, Air Flow Field.
User
Notifications
Font Size


  • Chattopadhyay, A. B., Machining and Machine tools, Wiley, India, pp.329-330, 2015. ISBN: 978-81-265-3098-4.
  • Kalpakjian, S. and Schmid, S. R., Manufacturing Engineering and Technology, Pearson, India, 4th edition, pp.732-733, 2013. ISBN: 978-81-7758-170-6.
  • Moltrecht, K.H., Machine Shop Practice, Industrial Press Inc., 2nd Edition, Vol. 2, pp.319-320, 1981. ISBN: 0-8311-1132-1 (V2).
  • Wakil, El and Sherif, D., Processes and Design for Manufacturing, PWS Publishing Company, 2nd Edition, pp.403-404, 1998. ISBN: 0-534-951-651.
  • Ghosh, A. and Mallick, A.K., Manufacturing Science, Affiliated East-West Press Private Limited, India, 2nd Edition, pp.253-254, 2010. ISBN : 978-817671-063-3.
  • Bartholet, E.J., High-Pressure Coolant systems, Grinding times, Machine and Tool Blue Book, Vol.73, No.2, pp.106-109, 1978.
  • Davies, T.P. and Jackson, R.G., Air flow around grinding wheel, Precision Engineering, IPC Business Press, pp.225-228, 1981.
  • Rowe, W.B., Principles of Modern Grinding Technology, William Andrew, pp.1-20, 2009.
  • Malkin, S., Grinding Technology: Theory and Application of Machining with Abrasives, Ellis Harwood Publication, U.K., 1989.
  • Malkin, S., Anderson, R.B., Thermal Aspects of Grinding, Part I-Energy Partition, ASME Journal of Engineering Industry, Vol. 96, pp. 1177-1183, 1974.
  • Morgan, M.N. and Baines-Jones, V.A. On the coherent length of fluid nozzles in grinding, Key Engineering Materials, Vol. 404, pp.61-67, 2009.
  • Zhang, Y., Li, C., Zhang, Q., Jia, D., Wang, S., Zhang, D. and Mao, C., Improvement of useful flow rate of grinding fluid with simulation schemes, International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Vol 84, pp. 2113-2126, 2016.
  • Kaliszer, H. and Trmal, G., Delivery of cutting fluids in grinding. Charted Mechanical Engineering, Vol. 23, No.895, pp.97-98, 1976.
  • Radhakrishnan, V., Faslur and Rahmaw, J., Preliminary investigation on the condition of the grinding wheel surface by air flow measurements, Annals of the CIRP, Vol. 26, No.1, pp.147-150, 1977
  • Ebbrell, S., Wooley, N.A., Tridimas, Y.D., Allanson D.R. and Rowe W.B., The effects of cutting fluid application methods on the grinding process, International Journal of Machine Tools Manufacture, Vol. 40, pp. 209-223, 2000.
  • Majumdar, S., Banerjee, A., Das, S. and Chakraborty, S., Experimental investigation and modelling on air layer formation around a rotating grinding wheel, Cogent Engineering, Vol.4, pp. 1-18, 2016.
  • Schlichting, H. and Kerstin, J., Boundary-Layer Theory, Sixth Ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, 1968.
  • Shibata, J., Goto, T. and Yamamoto, M., Characteristics of air flow around a grinding wheel and their availability for assessing the wheel wear, Annals of the CIRP, Vol 31, No.1, pp.233-238, 1982.
  • Majumdar, S., Mondal, S., Biswas, I., Roy, D. and Chakraborty, S., Modelling of air boundary layer around the grinding wheel, International Journal of Modelling and Simulation, Vol.40, No.2, pp.104-113, 2020.
  • Wu, H., Lin, B., Cai, R. and Morgan, M.N., Measurement of the air boundary layer on the periphery of a rotating grinding wheel using LDA, Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Vol. 76, 2007.
  • Wang, C.Y., Zhang, L. and Yang, C.F. Analysis and simulation of air flow field surrounding grinding wheel, Advanced Materials Research, Vol.1027, pp.12-15, 2014.
  • Mandal, B., Majumdar, S., Das, S. and Banerjee, S., Formation of a significantly less stiff air-layer around a grinding wheel pasted with rexine leather, International Journal of Precision Technology, Vol.12, No.2, 2011.
  • Ag, D., Flow around an isolated wheelexperimental and numerical comparison of two CFD codes, SAE Technical Paper 2004-01-0445, 2004. https://doi.org/10.4271/2004-01-0445.
  • Campbell, J.P., Optimized coolant application, Proceedings of the First International Machining and Grinding Conference, Society of Manufacturing Engineering, Michigan, USA, pp.11-12, 1995.
  • Klocke, F., Baus, A. and Beck, T., Coolant induced forces in CBN high speed grinding with shoe nozzles. Annals of the CIRP, Vol.49, pp. 241-244, 2000.
  • Ramesh, K., Yeo, S.H., Zhong, Z.W. and Sim, K.C., Coolant shoe development for high efficiency grinding. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 114, pp. 240-245, 2001.
  • Osman, M. and Malkin, S., Lubrication by grinding fluids at normal and high wheel speeds. ASLE Transactions, Vol.15, pp.261—268, 1972.
  • Catai, R.E., Bianchi, E.C., Zilio, F.M., Valarelli, I.de D., Alves, M.C.de S., da Silva, L.R. and Aguiar, P.R.de, Global analysis of aerodynamics deflectors efficiency in the grinding process, Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering, Vol.28, pp.140-145, 2006.
  • Catai, R.E., da Silva, L.R., Bianchi, E.C., Aguiar, P.R.de, Zilio, F.M., Valarelli, I.de D. and Salgado, M.H., Performance of aerodynamic baffles in cylindrical grinding analyzed on the basis of air layer pressure and speed, Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering, Vol. 30, pp.47-50, 2008.
  • Morgan, M.N., Jackson, A.R., Wu, H., Baines-Jones, V., Batako, A. and Rowe, W.B., Optimisation of fluid application in grinding. CIRP Annals - Manufacturing Technology, Vol 57, pp. 363-366, 2008.
  • Mandal, B., Singh, R., Das, S. and Banerjee, S., Improving grinding performance by controlling air flow around a grinding wheel, International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, Vol.51, pp.670-676, 2011.
  • Alberts, M., Kalaitzidou, K. and Melkote, S., An investigation of graphite nanoplatelets as lubricant in grinding, International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, Vol.49, pp. 966-970, 2009.
  • Shaji, S. and Radhakrishnan, V., An investigation on surface grinding using graphite as lubricant, International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, Vol.42, pp.733-740, 2002.
  • Chocklingam, P., Kok, K. and Vijayaram, R., Effect of coolant on cutting forces and surface roughness in grinding of CSMGFRP, International Journal of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Vol.6, No.8, pp.1478-1484, 2012.
  • Irani, R.A., Bauer, R.J. and Warkenfin, A., Areview of cutting fluid application in the grinding process, International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, Vol.45, pp.1696-1705, 2005.
  • Tawakoli, T., Hada, M.J. and Sadeghi, M.H., Influence of oil mist parameters on minimum quantity lubrication-MQL grinding process, International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, Vol.50, pp.521-531, 2010.
  • Webster, J., Selection of coolant type and application technique in grinding, Supergrind, pp.205-218, 1995.
  • Rouse, H., Asce, M., Howe, J.W. and Metzler, D.E., Experimental investigation of fire monitors and nozzles, Transactions of the American Society of Civil Engineers, Vol.117, No.1, pp.1147-1175, 1952.

Abstract Views: 536

PDF Views: 186




  • Air Flow Field around the Grinding Wheel

Abstract Views: 536  |  PDF Views: 186

Authors

Rajiv Ranjan Singh
Mechanical Engineering Department, Kalyani Government Engineering College, Kalyani- 741235, Nadia, West Bengal, India
Sujit Majumdar
Mechanical Engineering Department, Global Institute of Management and Technology, Krishnanagar, Nadia, West Bengal, India
Santanu Das
Mechanical Engineering Department, Global Institute of Management and Technology, Krishnanagar, Nadia, West Bengal, India

Abstract


Control of grinding zone temperature is of prime importance to obtain defect- free ground work surface. Failure to lower this temperature is likely to cause a number of thermal damages in the workpiece. Beside this, intense wheel loading on the grinding wheel may happen due to rise in grinding temperature. Application of the cutting fluid is an important aspect to reduce the various thermal damages and to improve product quality in grinding. But, the presence of the air layer around a rotating grinding wheel impedes the entry of cutting fluid into the grinding zone. Many new and innovative measures have been carried out to suppress the formation of this air layer and to remove the ill effects of the air layer. The present work reviews some of the past works that explored the formation of the air layer and that investigated different ways and means to combat the hindrance caused by this air layer to promote supply of grinding fluid close to the grinding zone for effective control of grinding temperature. It also suggests some probable avenues of future research.

Keywords


Grinding, Grinding Wheel, Air Flow Field.

References





DOI: https://doi.org/10.21843/reas%2F2018%2F25-32%2F195547