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The fruit flies (Diptera : Tephritidae) represent one of the largest families of Diptera with about 4,500 species, including some of the world's most destructive agricultural pests. Besides causing direct losses to a wide variety of fruit, vegetable and flower crops (e.g., citrus, apple, mango, sunflower), they limit the development of agriculture in many countries because of the strict trade quarantines imposed to prevent their spread.
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