Biodecolorization of Textile Reactive Dyes by Penicillium chrysosporium and Penicillium simplicissimum-A Comparative Study

In this study, decolorization of three different reactive dyes reactive red 120, reactive black 5 and direct red 81 by two fungal isolates such as Penicillium chrysosporium and Penicillium simplicissimum were carried out by using Bushnell and Haas broth containing 500 mg/l concentration. The effect of physiochemical conditions (Temperature, pH, carbon and nitrogen source, shacking vs static) on the decolorization potential of Penicillium chrysosporium and Penicillium simplicissimum were investigated. Among these two Penicillum species, Penicillium chrysosporium shows maximum % of dye decolorization efficiency then Penicillium simplicissimum. Penicillium simplicissimum decolorize maximally (92% of reactive black 5 at 30ᵒC) similarly, Penicillium chrysosporium (88% of Reactive black 5 and direct red 81 at 30ᵒC). The effect of pH was also tested and found that highest % of decolorization was observed Penicillium simplicissimum (92% of reactive black 5) and Penicillium chrysosporium (87% of Reactive black 5 and direct red 81) by at pH 6. Effect of C:N ratio, highest % of decolorization was observed Penicillium simplicissimum (76% of reactive black 5) and Penicillium chrysosporium (74% of Reactive black 5) at C:N ratio of 1:2. In case of static and shaking condition, shaking condition shows maximum % of dye decolorizing efficiency. For Penicillium chrysosporium (73-88%) and Penicillium simplicissimum (64-91%). This study confirmed the potential of dye decolorizing efficiency of Penicillium chrysosporium and Penicillium simplicissimum and scope for further analysis of performance of treatment of textile effluent.