Derivatization Spectroscopy-A Challenging Era for Analysis of Drug

Derivatization is the process by which a compound is chemically changed, producing a new compound that has properties more amenable to a particular analytical method. Derivatization spectroscopy can be used for preparation of new derivatives from original one which can be detect in UV region. Several methods like nitration, sulphonation, methylation, esterification, acetylation and diazotization has been used for formation of new derivative which may be color or colorless and can be detected in UV region. Derivatization is an integral part of chemical analysis in many areas of chemistry such as medical, forensic, food science, and environmental disciplines. Derivatization enables the analyst to analyze a wide variety of compounds by GC, GC-MS, HPLC and LC-MS that were otherwise less volatile and unstable for these techniques. In general, analytical derivatization is employed for two reasons, to permit analysis of compounds with inadequate volatility or stability and to improve chromatographic behavior or detectability. The primary use of derivatization is the chemical modification of a compound by derivatizing its functional group (e.g., O-H, COOH, N-H, and S-H) to promote the use of chromatographic analysis. The underivatized compounds can demonstrate poor chromatographic behavior, insufficient volatility, and poor thermal stability or have inadequate detector response. By chemically modifying these compounds into derivatives they have properties amendable for chromatographic separation and accurate analysis.