Research Journal of Pharmaceutical Dosage Form and Technology

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access
Open Access Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Restricted Access Subscription Access

A Review on Antimicrobial Resistance and Role of Pharmacist in Tackling this Global Threat


Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutics, Shree Ambabai Talim Sanstha’s, Diploma in Pharmacy College, Miraj, PIN-416414, Dist.- Sangli, Maharashtra, India
     

   Subscribe/Renew Journal


Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is the ability of a microbe to resist the effects of medication previously used to treat them. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines antimicrobial resistance as a microorganism's resistance to an antimicrobial drug that was once able to treat an infection by that microorganism. Though AMR is not a new problem but it is an accepted threat to the global health worldwide. It is important to realize that we are already seeing the impact of resistant infections in everyday life for example; many urinary tract infections are becoming resistant these days. A major area of concern is multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) that is resistant to the two most powerful anti-tuberculosis drugs. AMR is also influenced by the massive increases in trade and human mobility brought about by globalization. This article summarises how AMR is a global health threat, causes and mechanisms of AMR and how Pharmacist can help to tackle this problem.

Keywords

Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR), Antibiotics, Molecular Mechanisms, Causes of AMR, Role of Pharmacist.
Subscription Login to verify subscription
User
Notifications
Font Size


  • Review on Antimicrobial Resistance, amr-review.org., retrieved on 15 September 2017.

  • Antimicrobial resistance, http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs194/en/, retrieved on 15 September 2017.

  • About Antimicrobial Resistance (https://www.cdc.gov/drugresistance/about.html). www.cdc.gov. retrieved on 16 September 2017.

  • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antimicrobial_resistance, retrieved on 16 September 2017.

  • Victoria Rutter, Diane Ashiru, Roger Odd, Antimicrobial Resistance and Stewardship-a Focus on the Commonwealth, Pharma Times, 49 (08), August 2017.

  • Antimicrobial Resistance: Global Health Threat, Pharma Times, 49 (08), August 2017.

  • http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/releases/2014/amrreport/en/, retrieved on 20 September 2017.

  • WHO’s first global report on antibiotic resistance reveals serious, worldwide threat to public health, How to tackle resistance, http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/releases/2014/amrreport/ en/, retrieved on 20 September 2017.

  • Stuart B Levy and Bonnie Marshall, Antibacterial resistance worldwide: causes, challenges and responses, Nature Medicine Supplement 10(12) 2004.

  • Lee, C. R., Lee J. H., Park K. S. Kim, Y. B. Jeong, Global Dissemination of Carbapenemase-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae: Epidemiology, Genetic Context, Treatment Options, and Detection Methods. Frontiers in Microbiology, 7(7), June 2016.

  • Criswell, Daniel. "The “Evolution” of Antibiotic Resistance." Institute for Creation Research. N.P., 2004. http://www.icr.org/article/evolution-antibiotic-resistance/ retrieved 22 September 2017.

  • Xian-Zhi Li, Hiroshi Nikaido, Efflux-Mediated Drug Resistance in Bacteria: an Update. Drugs. 69 (12), 2009.

  • Rustam I. Aminov, Roderick I. Mackie, Evolution and ecology of antibiotic resistance genes, Microbiology Letters, 271(2), 2007


Abstract Views: 381

PDF Views: 0




  • A Review on Antimicrobial Resistance and Role of Pharmacist in Tackling this Global Threat

Abstract Views: 381  |  PDF Views: 0

Authors

Suresh A. Marnoor
Department of Pharmaceutics, Shree Ambabai Talim Sanstha’s, Diploma in Pharmacy College, Miraj, PIN-416414, Dist.- Sangli, Maharashtra, India

Abstract


Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is the ability of a microbe to resist the effects of medication previously used to treat them. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines antimicrobial resistance as a microorganism's resistance to an antimicrobial drug that was once able to treat an infection by that microorganism. Though AMR is not a new problem but it is an accepted threat to the global health worldwide. It is important to realize that we are already seeing the impact of resistant infections in everyday life for example; many urinary tract infections are becoming resistant these days. A major area of concern is multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) that is resistant to the two most powerful anti-tuberculosis drugs. AMR is also influenced by the massive increases in trade and human mobility brought about by globalization. This article summarises how AMR is a global health threat, causes and mechanisms of AMR and how Pharmacist can help to tackle this problem.

Keywords


Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR), Antibiotics, Molecular Mechanisms, Causes of AMR, Role of Pharmacist.

References