Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access
Open Access Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Restricted Access Subscription Access

Marburg Haemorrhagic Fever: A Review


Affiliations
1 Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Pravara Rural College of Pharmacy, Pravaranagar, M.S, India
2 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Pravara Rural College of Pharmacy, Pravaranagar A/P- Loni Bk. Taluka -Rahata, Dist-Ahmednagar 413736, (MS), India
3 Dept of Pharmacology, Pravara Rural College of Pharmacy, Pravaranagar, Loni 413713, India
     

   Subscribe/Renew Journal


Marburg virus belongs to the same virus family, filoviridae, as the virus, which causes Ebola haemorrhagic fever. Marburg virus was first recognized in 1967 when outbreaks of haemorrhagic fever occurred in Marburg and Frankfurt in Germany and in Belgrade in the former Yugoslavia. Multiple organ failure Severe bleeding, Jaundice ,Delirium ,Seizures ,Coma and Shock are common symptoms. Nosocomial transmission via contaminated syringes and needles has been a major problem. Transmission by droplets and small-particle aerosols was observed in outbreaks among experimentally infected (Marburg) and quarantined imported monkeys. Many people were infected as a result of being exposed to African green monkeys imported from Uganda. Secondary spread of the disease is via contact with infected persons or contact with blood, secretions, or excretions of infected persons. The virus may continue to be shed in the patient's semen for up to 3-4 months after illness. One reason the viruses are so deadly is that they interfere with the immune system's ability to mount a defense. ELISA can reveal the correct diagnosis. Till today, no vaccine is available but supportive hospital therapy should be utilized including balancing the patient's fluids and electrolytes, maintaining their oxygen status and blood pressure, replacing lost blood and clotting factors and treating them for any complicating infections.

Keywords

Marburg Virus, Haemorrhagic Fever, Filoviruses.
Subscription Login to verify subscription
User
Notifications
Font Size


  • Buchan-Osmond, Cornelia. "ICTVdB Virus Description, Marburgvirus". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. 2006, 04-25 Retrieved 2009-02-09.

  • CDC Special Pathogens Branch - Known Cases and Outbreaks of Marburg Haemorrhagic Fever, in Chronological Order". Retrieved 2008-03-06.

  • World Health Organization workers attacked in angola". Retrieved 2007-05-03.

  • Vrouw met Marburg-virus overleden" (in dutch). Retrieved 2008-07-11. Marburg haemorrhagic fever, imported case - United States.

  • Feldmann H, Klenk H-D, Sanchez A: Molecular biology and evolution of filoviruses. In Kaaden OR, Eichhorn W, Czerny CP, (eds.): Unconventional Agents and Unclassified Viruses, Arch. Virol. Supplementum, 1993, 7:81.

  • Feldmann H, Muhlberger E, Randolf A, et al, Marburg Virus, a filovirus: messenger RNAs, gene order and regulatory elements of the replication cycle. Virus Res. 1992, 24:122-12.

  • Feldmann H, Sanchez A, Klenk H-D: Filoviruses. In Topley & Wilson's: Microbiology and Microbial Infections, Edwald Arnold, London, in press, 1998, 45:234-35.

  • Martini GA, Siegert R (eds.): Marburg virus disease. New York, Springer Verlag, 1971, 12:114-125.

  • Pattyn SR (ed.): Ebola virus haemorrhagic fever. Amsterdam, Elsevier/North- Holland. 1978,08:784-58.

  • Peters CJ, Johnson ED, McKee KT: Filoviruses and management of viral haemorrhagic fevers. In Belshe RB (ed.): Textbook of Human Virology, Mosby Year Book, St. Louis; 1991, 159-175.

  • Lawrence J, Hill DR. Largest ever Marburg haemorrhagic feveroutbreak, Angola. Eurosurveillance Wkly [Serial online] 2005:10, 14-20.

  • Heymann DL. Control of Communicable Diseases Manual.18th edition.Washington: American Public Health Association; 2004.

  • WHO. Marburg haemorrhagic fever in Angola - update 15. Available at www.who.int/csr/don/2005_04_22/en/

  • WHO. Marburg haemorrhagic fever - fact sheet, 31 March 2005. Available at www.who.int/csr/disease/marburg/factsheet/en/print.html

  • Peters CJ, Sanchez A, Feldmann H, Rollin PE, et al: Filoviruses as emerging pathogens. Seminars in Virology, 1994, 5:147.

  • Daddario-DiCaprio KM, Geisbert TW, Stroher U, et al. "Postexposure protection against Marburg haemorrhagic fever with recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus vectors in nonhuman primates: an efficacy assessment". Lancet 367 (9520): 1399-1404.

  • Mackenzie, Debora (2007-09-01), "Marburg virus found in fruit bats.", New Scientist (2619): 14, retrieved 2007-09-26

  • Peters CJ, Sanchez A, Rollin, PE, et al: Filoviridae: Marburg and Ebola Viruses. In Fields BN, Knipe DM, (eds.): Virology, Raven Press, and New York, in press.

  • Sanchez A, Kiley MP, and Holloway BP, Auperin DD: Sequence analysis of the Ebola virus genome: organization, genetic elements and comparison with the genome of Marburg virus. Virus Res. 1993, 29:215.

  • Bray and Paragas, 2002: Bray Mike, Paragas Jason Experimental therapy of filovirus infections. Antiviral Research. 2002; 54(1): 1-17.

  • Jones SM, Feldmann H, Stroher U et al. "Live attenuated recombinant vaccine protects nonhuman primates against Ebola and Marburg viruses". Nature Med 11, 2005, (7):, 786-90.

  • MMWR, 1988: Center for Disease Control and Prevention Management of Patients with Suspected Viral Haemorrhagic Fever. Morb Mortal Weekly Report. 1988; 37(Supplemental 3): 1-16.

  • Beer et al, 1999: Beer Brigitte, Kurth Reinhard, Bukreyev Alexander Characteristics of Filoviridae: Marburg and Ebola viruses. Naturwissenschaften. 1999; 86(1): 8-17.

  • Rodhain et al, 1989: Rodhain F, Gonzales J. P, Mercier E, Helynck B, Larouze B, Hannoun C. Arbovirus infections and viral haemorrhagic fevers in Uganda: a serological survey in Karamoja district, 1984. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1989; 83(6): 851-854.

  • Sanchez et al, 2001: Sanchez Anthony, Khan Ali S, Zaki Sherif R, Nabel Gary J, Ksiazek Thomas G, Peters Clarence J. Filorviridae" Marburg and Ebola Viruses. 1279 - 1304. In: Knipe David M, Howley Peter M. Field's Virology Fourth Edition Volume 12001.

  • Geisbert and Jaax 1998: Geisbert T.W, Jaax N.K. Marburg haemorrhagic fever: report of a case studied by immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. Ultrastruct Pathol. 1998; 22(1): 3-17.

  • Gibb et al, 2001: Gibb T. R, Norwood Jr. D.A, Woollen N, Henchal Development and evaluation of a fluorogenic 5'- nuclease assay to identify Marburg virus. Mol Cell Probes. 2001; 15(5): 259-266.

  • Mekki and Van Der Groen, 1981: Mekki A.A, Van Der Groen G. A comparison of indirect immunofluorescence and electron microscopy for the diagnosis of some haemorrhegic viruses in cell cultures. Journal of Virological Methods. 1981; 3(2): 61-69.

  • Nakounne et al, 2000: Nakounne E, Selekon B, Morvan J. Microbiological surveillance: viral haemorrhagic fever in Central African Republic: current serological data in man. Bull Soc Pathol Exot. 2000; 93(5): 340-347.

  • Saijo et al, 2001: Saijo M, Niikura M, Morikawa S, Ksiazek TG, Meyer RF, Peters CJ, Kurane I. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for detection of antibodies to Ebola and Marburg viruses using recombinant nucleoproteins. J Clin Microbiol. 2001; 39(1): 1-7.

  • Stroher et al, 2001: Stroher Ute, West Elmar, Bugany Harald, Klenk HD, Schnittler HJ, Feldmann H. Infection and Activation of Monocytes by Marburg and Ebola Viruses. Journal of Virology. 2001; 75(22): 11025-11033.

  • Vladyko et al, 1991: Vladyko A.S, Chepurnov A.A, Bystrova S.I, Lemeshko NN, Lukashevich IS. The detection of the Marburg virus antigen by solid-phase immunoenzyme analysis. Vopr Virusol. 1991; 36(5): 419-421.

  • Marburg Haemorrhagic Fever [ http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvrd/spb/mnpages/dispages/marburg.htm]

  • Razumov et al, 2001: Razumov I.A, Belanov E.F, Bormotov N.I, Kazachinskaia EI. Detection of antiviral activity of monoclonal antibodies, specific to Marburg virus proteins. Vopr Virusol. 2001; 46(1): 33-37.

  • Geisbert and Jahrling, 1995: Geisbert T.W, Jahrling P.B. Differentiation of filoviruses by electron microscopy. Virus Res. 1995; 39(2-3): 129-150.

  • Becker et al, 1992: Becker S, Feldmann H, Will C, Slenczka Evidence for occurrence of filovirus antibodies in humans and imported monkeys: do subclinical filovirus infections occur worldwide? Med Microbiol Immunol (Berl). 1992; 181(1): 43-55.

  • Alibek,K. and S. Handelman. Biohazard: The Chilling True Story of the Largest Covert Biological Weapons Program in the World - Told from Inside by the Man Who Ran it. 1999. Delta (2000) ISBN 0-385-33496-6 Scientists Race to Find Vaccine for Ebola, Marbug -richard knox - NPR. Retrieved on 2007-05-03.}

  • http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/bioterror/biow_patrick.html

  • Alibek,K. and S. Handelman. Biohazard: The Chilling True Story of the Largest Covert Biological Weapons Program in the World - Told from Inside by the Man Who Ran it. 1999. Delta (2000) ISBN 0-385-33496-6.


Abstract Views: 283

PDF Views: 3




  • Marburg Haemorrhagic Fever: A Review

Abstract Views: 283  |  PDF Views: 3

Authors

Shashikant Pattan
Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Pravara Rural College of Pharmacy, Pravaranagar, M.S, India
Nachiket Dighe
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Pravara Rural College of Pharmacy, Pravaranagar A/P- Loni Bk. Taluka -Rahata, Dist-Ahmednagar 413736, (MS), India
Sanjay Bhawar
Dept of Pharmacology, Pravara Rural College of Pharmacy, Pravaranagar, Loni 413713, India
Vinayak Gaware
Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Pravara Rural College of Pharmacy, Pravaranagar, M.S, India
Deepak Musmade
Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Pravara Rural College of Pharmacy, Pravaranagar, M.S, India
Mangesh Hole
Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Pravara Rural College of Pharmacy, Pravaranagar, M.S, India
Smita Parjane
Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Pravara Rural College of Pharmacy, Pravaranagar, M.S, India
Mayur Bhosale
Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Pravara Rural College of Pharmacy, Pravaranagar, M.S, India
Sapana Nagare
Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Pravara Rural College of Pharmacy, Pravaranagar, M.S, India

Abstract


Marburg virus belongs to the same virus family, filoviridae, as the virus, which causes Ebola haemorrhagic fever. Marburg virus was first recognized in 1967 when outbreaks of haemorrhagic fever occurred in Marburg and Frankfurt in Germany and in Belgrade in the former Yugoslavia. Multiple organ failure Severe bleeding, Jaundice ,Delirium ,Seizures ,Coma and Shock are common symptoms. Nosocomial transmission via contaminated syringes and needles has been a major problem. Transmission by droplets and small-particle aerosols was observed in outbreaks among experimentally infected (Marburg) and quarantined imported monkeys. Many people were infected as a result of being exposed to African green monkeys imported from Uganda. Secondary spread of the disease is via contact with infected persons or contact with blood, secretions, or excretions of infected persons. The virus may continue to be shed in the patient's semen for up to 3-4 months after illness. One reason the viruses are so deadly is that they interfere with the immune system's ability to mount a defense. ELISA can reveal the correct diagnosis. Till today, no vaccine is available but supportive hospital therapy should be utilized including balancing the patient's fluids and electrolytes, maintaining their oxygen status and blood pressure, replacing lost blood and clotting factors and treating them for any complicating infections.

Keywords


Marburg Virus, Haemorrhagic Fever, Filoviruses.

References