Biomarker: Indicator for Disease

Biomarkers are referred to every means of tools for quantifiable measurements of biological homeostasis, which distinguish what is abnormal from normal. In other words any accessible, quantifiable signal that informs about the state of health for biological system. This is a broad definition that encompasses a range of measurements - physical, biochemical and even questionnaires. Also it gives measure changes occur in blood, serum, plasma, enzyme, body fluid and any normal constituent in body, which indicates the disease condition.

Biomarkers also play a very important role in identification of cerebrovascular diseases like Alzheimer's, frontotemporal dementia (FTD), Pulmonary Hypertension, lung cancer, Thyroid cancer etc. Whatever the measurement, a good biomarker should possess specific characteristics and be subject to robust statistical analysis. The focus of this review will inform us the potential value of Biomarker in all above said. A biochemical test that indicates the presence of subclinical disease would allow early intervention and possibly a better chance of altering the course of the disease. Although there have been considerable advances, many areas of drug development still require kinetic biomarkers. In principle, biomarker can be developed for any system in which the rate of synthesis or degradation of a protein, lipid, carbohydrate, ribonucleotide or cell is desired. We emphasized on many target pathways of interest to pharmaceutical research and noted the potential for applying stable biomarkers.