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Impact of Climate Change on Agriculture in India


Affiliations
1 Department of Agricultural Economics, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar (Odisha), India
2 Department of Agronomy, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar (Odisha), India
3 Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar (Odisha), India
     

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India's agriculture is more dependent on monsoon from the ancient periods. Any change in monsoon trend drastically affects agriculture. Climate change is any significant long-term change in the expected patterns of average weather of region (or the whole Earth) over a significant period of time. It is about non-normal variations to the climate, and the effects of these variations on other parts of the Earth. Agriculture sector is the most sensitive sector to the climate changes because the climate of a region/country determines the nature and characteristics of vegetation and crops. Increase in the mean seasonal temperature can reduce the duration of many crops and hence, reduce final yield. The increased level of greenhouse gases (GHGs) (carbon dioxide (CO2), water vapor (H2O), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) etc.) due to anthropogenic activities has contributed to an overall increase of the earth's temperature, leading to a global warming. The net effect of climate change on world agriculture is likely to be negative. Although some regions and crops will benefit, most will not. Indirect climate impacts include increased competition from weeds, expansion of pathogens and insect pest ranges and seasons, and other alterations in crop agro-ecosystems.
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  • Impact of Climate Change on Agriculture in India

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Authors

Upasana Mohapatra
Department of Agricultural Economics, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar (Odisha), India
Tapas Ranjan Sahoo
Department of Agronomy, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar (Odisha), India
Debadatta Sethi
Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar (Odisha), India

Abstract


India's agriculture is more dependent on monsoon from the ancient periods. Any change in monsoon trend drastically affects agriculture. Climate change is any significant long-term change in the expected patterns of average weather of region (or the whole Earth) over a significant period of time. It is about non-normal variations to the climate, and the effects of these variations on other parts of the Earth. Agriculture sector is the most sensitive sector to the climate changes because the climate of a region/country determines the nature and characteristics of vegetation and crops. Increase in the mean seasonal temperature can reduce the duration of many crops and hence, reduce final yield. The increased level of greenhouse gases (GHGs) (carbon dioxide (CO2), water vapor (H2O), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) etc.) due to anthropogenic activities has contributed to an overall increase of the earth's temperature, leading to a global warming. The net effect of climate change on world agriculture is likely to be negative. Although some regions and crops will benefit, most will not. Indirect climate impacts include increased competition from weeds, expansion of pathogens and insect pest ranges and seasons, and other alterations in crop agro-ecosystems.

References