Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Bacteria among Urinary Tract Infection Patients in Chittagong, Bangladesh

Analyzing antibiotic susceptibility pattern of uropathogens help to overcome the therapeutic difficulties created by the rising antimicrobial resistant bacteria and guides in choosing appropriate antibiotics. The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of various bacterial isolates and to understand the susceptibility patterns of the uropathogens. Midstream urine samples were collected, cultured and subjected to microscopical and appropriate biochemical tests for proper identification. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were carried out by disc diffusion technique using Muller Hinton Agar as culture media. The prevalence of urinary tract infection was 25.91%. It was more prevalent in woman than men (68% vs. 32%). The most common isolated uropathogens were Escherichia coli (82.6%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (14.6%). Other bacterial species, named Morganella morganii, Enterobacter spp., Citrobacter freundii, Pseudomonas spp., Yersinia enterocolitica, were also found in patients with urinary tract infection, although they were least frequent. High level of sensitivity was found to imipenem, nitrofurantoin, meropenem, ceftazidime, netilmicin, gentamicin, chloramphenicol and amikacin in most of the isolates. Most of the bacterial isolates showed a higher percentage of resistance against amoxicillin, cefradine, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, ceftriaxone, co-trimoxazole and nalidixic acid. Multiple antibiotic resistance indexes suggested that almost all the test organisms exhibited multiple antibiotic resistances. The high multiple antibiotics resistance identified makes it necessary for antibiotic susceptibility testing to be conducted prior to antibiotic(s) prescription.