An Analysis of Underwater Acoustic Echo Formation Involving a LFM Signal and Rough Sea Surface

This paper focuses on the interaction of acoustic signals with sea surface. In this paper, an analysis is made on the scattering of a Linear frequency modulated (LFM) pulse with different sea surface realizations corresponding to different wind speeds. Sea surface echo time series, replica correlation coefficients and scattering coefficients were also computed for forward and backscattering directions based on Integral Equation Method (IEM). An LFM signal of a band width of 300 Hz centered at 3 kHz and 80 ms time interval has been considered as the incident pulse. The sea surface realizations corresponding to three different wind speeds of 10, 15, 20 ms^-1 were used as an empirical wave number spectrum.