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Studies on per se Performance and Combining Ability in Tomato under Coimbatore Condition
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A study on diallel crossing involving nine parents, were taken up and crosses were effected in all possible combinations. Thus, a total of 72 F1 crosses and their nine parents were evaluated for various quantitative and qualitative characters. Per se performance of the parents for different traits revealed that among nine parents involved, P5 showed superiority for yield per plant. P6 was superior for single fruit weight and P2 for days to fifty per cent flowering and P2 and P3 showed highest plant height. In case of hybrids tested the cross P3 × P6 was superior for plant height, days to fifty per cent flowering and yield per plant. The combinations P6 × P4 and P6 × P8 exhibited highest single fruit weight. The magnitude of GCA variances for all the characters studied were higher than their corresponding SCA variances in all 72 crosses, suggesting that all the 18 traits studied were controlled by additive gene action. Analyzing the GCA effects of parents for various traits revealed that P2, P3 and P5 were the best general combiners for almost all the traits. The parent P1, followed by parent P3 had higher per se with higher GCA effects for most of the economic traits studied. Hence, the parents P1 and P3 could be exploited in further breeding programmes for over all tomato crop improvement. The next best choice would be P4 when the breeders aim is primarily to increase the fruit yield and quality characters. The hybrid cross P2 × P3 exhibited more number of fruiting clusters per plant and highest single fruit weight was noticed in P1 × P4 and P1 × P5. Highest yield per plant was recorded in P2 × P3.
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