Energy management based hybrid fuel cell/battery for electric vehicle using type 2 fuzzy logic controller

Electric vehicles and renewable energy are currently viewed as completely complementary clean energy technologies. In this paper, a renewable energy management system based on a hybrid smart vehicle is used, combining the energy from the fuel cell and the energy from the storage devices according to the driving cycle response and longdistance autonomy. Thus, the use of fuel cells and storage batteries in the automotive sector is expected to play a major role in addressing the issue of sustainable mobility in the long run. In a hybrid vehicle, the electrical motor is hoppedup by a electric cell aided by a secondary energy supply. The latter is either a battery or a supercapacitor. The resulting hybrid architecture offers a degree of freedom in the management of energy flows and in the sizing of the powertrain. This paper proposes and designs a type-2 fuzzy logic controller based on the intended motor torque and battery state of charge (SOCBat), with the goal of regulating the requested energy consumption while increasing or maintaining driving performance characteristics. This proposed Type-2 fuzzy controller is implemented and evaluated in the onboard hybrid power system simulation model. The results show that the management algorithm can improve its intervention during cycle change and power system efficiency by decreasing variance in battery state of charge. Simulations reveal that the new method is well suited for various driving cycles and severe operational ircumstances.