International Journal of Business Ethics in Developing Economies

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access
Open Access Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Restricted Access Subscription Access

WTO-Environment Synergy: Myth or Progressive Reality?


Affiliations
1 Jindal Global Law School, O.P. Jindal Global University, Sonepat, Haryana, India
     

   Subscribe/Renew Journal


'Trade and environment have always been uncomfortable 'colleagues' since the inception of the World Trade Organization and free trade. However, post the Singapore rounds in 1996, it is said that a new kind of free trade has emerged that is more conscientious and aware about environmental impacts and sustenance. While trade remains the primary objective, the WTO has taken it upon itself the task of striking a balance between liberalising the integrated global economy and acting as a vanguard to precautionary and sustainable environmental principles. This article will look into the interphase between trade and environment as witnessed under the pre and post WTO regimes and critically analyse judicial pronouncements and best practices to better understand this alliance'.

Keywords

Trade, Environment, WTO, Legal Framework, Sustainable Development.
Subscription Login to verify subscription
User
Notifications
Font Size


  • Anderson, K. (1998). Environmental and Labor Standards: What Role for the WTO? in The WTO as an International Organization, University of Chicago Press Appellate Body on US-Gasoline, 29 January 1996, WT/DS2/R. Australia-Measures Affecting Importation of Salmon (1998), WTO Doc. WT/DS18/AB/R at para.199 (Appellate Body Report).

  • Birnie, P., & Boyle, A. (2002). International Law & the Environment. Oxford University Press. 45-57.

  • Brazil-Measures Affecting Imports of Retreaded Tyres (2007). WTO Doc. WT/DS332/R (Panel Report).

  • Weiss, E. B., & Jackson, J. H. (2001). Reconciling Environment and Trade. Ardsley, New York: Transnational Publishers, 820.

  • Caldwell, L. (1999). Is world law an emerging reality? Environmental law in a transnational world. 10 Colorado Journal of International Environmental Law, 277-280.

  • Carpentier, C, Gallagher, K., & Vaughan, S. (2005). Environmental goods and services in the world trade organization. Journal of Environment & Development 14(2), 225-249.

  • Charnovitz, S. (2007). A New WTO Paradigm for Trade and the Environment 11 S.Y.B.I. L. 15, 36

  • Chazournes, L., & Thomas. P. (2000). The biosafety protocol: regulatory innovation and emerging trends. 4 Swiss Review of International and European Law, 513, 515-517.

  • Chris, W. C. (1996). Multilateral Environmental Agreements and the GATT: Conflict and Resolution? 26 Environmental Law Review, 841, 848-49, 856-57

  • Dominican Republic-Measures Affecting the Importation and Internal Sale of Cigarettes (2005), WTO Doc. WT/ DS302/AB/R (Appellate Body Report)

  • Ehrmann, M. (2002). Procedures of Compliance Control in Int'l Env't. Treaties,13 Colo. J. Int'l. Envtl. L. & Poly, 377, 382-383.

  • Ehrmann, M. (2002). Procedures of compliance control in international environmental treaties, 13 Colorado. Journal of International Environmental Law and Policy, 377-383.

  • European Communities-Measures Affecting Asbestos and Asbestos-containing Products (2001). WTO Doc. WT/DS135/AB/R (Appellate Body Report)

  • GATT Dispute Panel Report on U.S. Restrictions on Imports of Tuna, (1991, Sept. 3). GATT B.I.S.D. (39th Supp.) at 155 (1993).

  • General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994, Apr. 15, 1994, Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization, Annex 1A, 1867 U.N.T.S. 187; 33 I.L.M. 1153(1994)

  • Helfer, L. (2004). Mediating Interactions in an Expanding International Intellectual Property Regime 36(1) Case W. Res. J. Int'l L. 123, 131

  • Hoekmen. B., & Mavroidis, P. (2007). The World Trade Organization: law, economics and politics. Rouletdge, 14.

  • International Centre for Trade and Sustainable Development and International Institute for Sustainable Development (ICTSD-IISD), Doha Round Briefing Series (No. 9/13) (November 2005) at 37 Japanese Taxes on Alcoholic Beverages (WT/DS8/AB/R)

  • Jackson, T. (2005). Motivating Sustainable Consumption: A review of evidence on consumer behaviour and behavioural change. Centre for Environmental Strategy: University of Surrey.

  • Jones, K. (2004). Who'as Afraid of the WTO? Oxford University Press, 23-30

  • Korea-Measures Affecting Imports of Fresh, Chilled and Frozen Beef (2001), WTO Doc. WT/DS161,169/AB/R (Appellate Body Report).

  • MacMillan. F (2003). WTO and the Environment.(2003). International Trade Law Review 9(3), 88-89.

  • Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization, April 15th, 1994, 1867 U.N.T.S. 154;33 I.L.M. 1144

  • Motaal. D, (2004). The 'Multilateral Scientific Consensus' and the World Trade Organization. Journal of World Trade, 38(5), 855, 857-859.

  • Nadal, A (2005). Redesigning the trading system for sustainable development. Bridges, 9(5), 22-22.

  • Oxley. A, (2001). WTO and the Environment Retrieved from http://www.apec.org.au/docs/oxley2001.pdf

  • Petersmann, E. U. (1997). International Trade Law and the GATT/WTO Dispute Settlement System 1948-1996: An Introduction. In International Trade Law and the GATT/WTO Dispute Settlement System, edited by Ernst Ulrich Petersmann, pp. 3-122. London: Kluwer Law International.

  • Trebilcock, M. J., & Howse, R. (2005). The Regulation of International Trade, 507, 530-532. Routledge, London.

  • Turkey-Restrictions on Imports of Textile and Clothing Products (1999). WTO Doc. WT/DS34/R at para.9.120 (Panel Report). U.N. Environmental Programme & the International Institute for Sustainable Development, Environment and Trade: A Handbook (2000). 231-235

  • United States-Import Prohibition of Certain Shrimp and Shrimp Products (1998), WTO Doc. WT/DS58/AB/R (Appellate Body Report)

  • United States-Import Prohibition of Certain Shrimp and Shrimp Products (Recourse to Article 21.5 of the DSU by Malaysia) (2001), WTO Doc. WT/DS58/R/W at para. 5.54 (Panel Report)

  • Waskow, D. (2003). Environmental Services Liberalization: A Win-Win or Something Else Entirely? International Law, 37(3), 793-795.

  • WTO, Ministerial Briefing Notes: The Trade and Environment Committee, http://www.wto.org/english/ thewto_e/minist_e/min01_e/brief_e/brief11_e.htm accessed on 7th May, 2012.


Abstract Views: 239

PDF Views: 2




  • WTO-Environment Synergy: Myth or Progressive Reality?

Abstract Views: 239  |  PDF Views: 2

Authors

Rohini Sen
Jindal Global Law School, O.P. Jindal Global University, Sonepat, Haryana, India

Abstract


'Trade and environment have always been uncomfortable 'colleagues' since the inception of the World Trade Organization and free trade. However, post the Singapore rounds in 1996, it is said that a new kind of free trade has emerged that is more conscientious and aware about environmental impacts and sustenance. While trade remains the primary objective, the WTO has taken it upon itself the task of striking a balance between liberalising the integrated global economy and acting as a vanguard to precautionary and sustainable environmental principles. This article will look into the interphase between trade and environment as witnessed under the pre and post WTO regimes and critically analyse judicial pronouncements and best practices to better understand this alliance'.

Keywords


Trade, Environment, WTO, Legal Framework, Sustainable Development.

References