International Journal of Distributed and Cloud Computing

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access
Open Access Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Restricted Access Subscription Access

O-CAPTCHA - An Orientation Puzzle


Affiliations
1 National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences, FAST, Islamabad, Pakistan
     

   Subscribe/Renew Journal


Malicious applications or bots massively contaminate the authenticity, and seriously damage the integrity of online valuable resources. CAPTCHAs prove to be excellent tool for protecting precious online resources. The reason for the success of CAPTCHAs is their simplicity in usability. CAPTCHAs schemes are evaluated by two characteristics i.e. usability and robustness. This paper presents a novel CAPTCHA scheme called 'O-CAPTCHA' which provides user with a text based orientation challenge. It is easier for human being to judge the proper shape of Letters/Alphabets so they can complete the challenge quickly. The Proposed method is tested on both Smartphone devices and desktop computers. Extensive experimentation is performed on the proposed method in terms of usability analysis and invincibility of the scheme against automated Bot attacks. Proposed orientation layer can be incorporated in any modern text based CAPTCHA scheme making them stealthier and a tough nut to crack for the bots without compromising their usability.

Keywords

Security, Usable Security, Turing Test, Bots, CAPTCHA, Robustness, Usability.
Subscription Login to verify subscription
User
Notifications
Font Size


  • Bairda, H., & Bentleyb, J. (2005). Implicit CAPTCHAs. In the Proceedings of SPIE/IS&T Conference on Document Recognition and Retrieval XII (pp. 191-196).

  • Bursztein, E., & Bethard, S. (2009). De CAPTCHA: Breaking 75% of Ebay Audio CAPTCHAs. In Proceedings of the 3rd USENIX Conference on Offensive Technologies (pp. 8-18).

  • Bursztein, E., Martin, M., & Mitchell, J. (2011). Text-based CAPTCHA Strengths and Weaknesses. In Proceedings of the 18th ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security, (pp. 125-138).

  • Chellapilla, K., Larson, K., Simard, P., & Czerwinski, M. (2005). Computers Beat Humans at Single Character Recognition in Reading based Human Interaction Proofs (Hips). In Proceedings of the 2nd Conference on Email and Anti-Spam, (pp. 21-22).

  • Chow, R., Golle., P., Jakobsson, M., Wang, L., & Wang, X. (2008). Making CAPTCHA Clickable. In Proceedings of the 9th Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and Applications, (pp. 91-94).

  • Desai, A., & Patadia, P. (2009). Drag and Drop: A Better Approach to CAPTCHA. In Proceedings of (INDICON), (pp. 1-4).

  • El Ahmad, A., Yan, J., & Marshall, L. (2010). The Robustness of a New CAPTCHA. In Proceedings of the 3rd European Workshop on System Security, (pp. 36-41).

  • El Ahmad, A. S., Yan, J., & Ng, W. Y. (2012). CAPTCHA Design: Color, Usability, and Security. In Proceedings of IEEE Internet Computing, 16(2), 44-51.

  • Elson, J., Douceur, J., Howell, J., & Saul, J. (2007). Asirra: A Captcha that Exploits Interest-Aligned Manual Image Categorization. In Proceedings of the 15th ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security (ccs '08). (pp. 535-542).

  • Faymonville, P., Wang, K., Miller, J., & Belongie, S. (2009). CAPTCHA-based Image Labeling on the Soylent Grid. In Proceedings of the ACM SIGKDD Workshop on Human Computation, (pp. 46-49).

  • Gossweiler, R., Kamvar, M., & Baluja, S. (2009). What's up CAPTCHA? A CAPTCHA Based on Image Orientation. In Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on World Wide Web, (pp. 841-850).

  • Huang, S., Lee, Y., Bell, G., & Ou, Z. (2010). An Efficient Segmentation Algorithm for Captchas with Line Cluttering and Character Warping. In Proceedings of the Multimedia Tools and Applications, 48(2), 267-289.

  • Kluever, K., & Zanibbi, R. (2008). Video CAPTCHA: Usability vs. Security. In the Proceedings of IEEE Western New York Image Processing Workshop.

  • Li, S., Shah, S., Khan, M., Khayam, S., Sadeghi, A., & Schmitz, R. (2010). Breaking E-banking CAPTCHAS. in Proceedings of the 26th Annual Computer Security Applications Conference, (pp. 171-180).

  • Matthews, P., & Zou, C. (2010). Scene Tagging: Image-based CAPTCHA using Image Composition and Object Relationships. In Proceedings of the 5th ACM Symposium on Information, Computer and Communications Security, (pp. 345-350).

  • Baird, H. S., & Popat, K. (2002). Human Interactive Proofs and Document Image Analysis. Document Analysis Systems, (pp 3-4).

  • Yalamanchili, S. & Rao, M. K. (2011). A Framework for Devanagari Script-based CAPTCHA. In Proceedings of the 19th ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security, (pp.543-554).

  • Nazir, M., Javed, Y., Khan, M., Khayam, S., & Li, S. (2011). Poster: Captchæcker- Automating UsabilitySecurity Evaluation of Textual CAPTCHAS. In Proceedings of 7th Symposium on Usable Privacy and Security (SOUPS2011).

  • Schlaikjer, A. (2007). A Dual-Use Speech CAPTCHA: Aiding Visually Impaired Web Users While Providing Transcriptions of Audio Streams, Technical Report CMU-LTI-07-014, Carnegie Mellon University.

  • Simard, P., Szeliski, R., Benaloh, J., Couvreur, J., & Calinov, I. (2003). Using Character Recognition and Segmentation to Tell Computer from Humans. In Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition, (pp. 418-423).

  • Yan, J., & El Ahmad, A. (2007). Breaking Visual CAPTCHA with Naive Pattern Recognition Algorithms. In Proceedings of the 23rd Annual Conference on Computer Security Applications Conference, (pp. 279-291).

  • Yan, J., & El Ahmad, A. (2008). A Low-Cost Attack on a Microsoft CAPTCHA. In Proceedings of the 15th ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security, (pp.543-554).

  • Ahn, L. V., Blum, M., Hopper, N. J., & Langford, J. (2003). CAPTCHA: Telling Humans and Computers Apart. In Advances in Cryptology, Eurocrypt, (pp. 294-311).

  • Von Ahn, L., Maurer, B., McMillen, C., Abraham, D., & Blum, M. (2008). Re-CAPTCHA: Humanbased character recognition via web security measures. Science, 321(5895), 1465-1468.

  • Soni, R., & Tiwari, D. (2010). Improved CAPTCHA method. International Journal of Computer Applications, 1(25), 107-109.

  • Shirali-Shahreza, M. H., & Shirali-Shahreza, M. (2006). Persian/Arabic CAPTCHA. Journal of Universal Computer Science, December, 12(12), 1783-1796.


Abstract Views: 372

PDF Views: 2




  • O-CAPTCHA - An Orientation Puzzle

Abstract Views: 372  |  PDF Views: 2

Authors

Ramsha Rizwan
National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences, FAST, Islamabad, Pakistan
Waqas Malik
National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences, FAST, Islamabad, Pakistan
Asif Hasnain
National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences, FAST, Islamabad, Pakistan

Abstract


Malicious applications or bots massively contaminate the authenticity, and seriously damage the integrity of online valuable resources. CAPTCHAs prove to be excellent tool for protecting precious online resources. The reason for the success of CAPTCHAs is their simplicity in usability. CAPTCHAs schemes are evaluated by two characteristics i.e. usability and robustness. This paper presents a novel CAPTCHA scheme called 'O-CAPTCHA' which provides user with a text based orientation challenge. It is easier for human being to judge the proper shape of Letters/Alphabets so they can complete the challenge quickly. The Proposed method is tested on both Smartphone devices and desktop computers. Extensive experimentation is performed on the proposed method in terms of usability analysis and invincibility of the scheme against automated Bot attacks. Proposed orientation layer can be incorporated in any modern text based CAPTCHA scheme making them stealthier and a tough nut to crack for the bots without compromising their usability.

Keywords


Security, Usable Security, Turing Test, Bots, CAPTCHA, Robustness, Usability.

References